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Necromanteion
The Necromanteion or Nekromanteion ((ギリシア語:Νεκρομαντεῖον)) was an ancient Greek temple of necromancy devoted to Hades and Persephone. According to tradition, it was located on the banks of the Acheron river in Epirus, near the ancient city of Ephyra. This site was believed by devotees to be the door to Hades, the realm of the dead. The site is at the meeting point of the Acheron, Pyriphlegethon and Cocytus rivers, believed to flow through and water the kingdom of Hades. The meaning of the names of the rivers has been interpreted to be "joyless", "burning coals" and "lament."〔Olalla, Pedro. ''Mythological Atlas of Greece.'' Athens: Road Editions, 2002, p. 38. See also map 20 in this book.〕
A site in Mesopotamos, Epirus was proposed as the site of the Necromanteion in 1958, but this identification is now questioned.
==Background==
The word ''Necromanteion'' means "Oracle of Death", and the faithful came here to talk with their dead ancestors. Although other ancient temples such as the Temple of Poseidon in Taenaron as well as those in Argolis, Cumae, and Herakleia in Pontos are known to have housed oracles of the dead, the Necromanteion of Ephyra was the most important.〔(Newsfinder (2002) "The Nekromanteio at Acheron" ), Accessed: October 13, 2008.〕 It belonged to the Thesprotians, the local Epirot Greek tribe.
According to Herodotus' account, it was to the Necromanteion that Periander, the 6th century BC tyrant of Corinth, sent legates to ask questions of his dead wife, Melissa.〔Herodotus. ''Histories'', 5.92.〕 In Homer's Odyssey, the Necromanteion was also described as the entrance by which Odysseus made his nekyia.〔''Odyssey'' x 513ff〕
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