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Nemanjić dynasty
The Nemanjić (, (セルビア語:pl. Немањићи, ''Nemanjići'')) was the most important dynasty of Serbia in the Middle Ages, and one of the most important in Southeastern Europe. The royal house produced eleven Serbian monarchs between 1166 and 1371. Its progenitor was Stefan Nemanja, who descended from a cadet line of the Vukanović dynasty (1101–1166). After Nemanja, all monarchs used ''Stefan'' as a personal name, a tradition adopted for the royal pretensions. The monarchs began as Grand Princes, and with the crowning of Stefan Nemanjić in 1217, the realm was promoted to a Kingdom, and the Serbian Church was established. In 1346, Stefan Dušan was crowned ''Emperor of the Serbs and Greeks'', and the Archbishopric of Serbia was elevated to a Patriarchate. In 1371, with the death of child-less Uroš the Weak (r. 1355–1371), the fall of the Serbian Empire was ensured; provincial lords obtained the rule of the past provinces, and the Nemanjić survived only through maternal lines in several Serbian houses.
==Background==
The Serbs, as Slavs in the vicinity of the Byzantine Empire, lived in so-called ''Sklavinia'' ("Slav lands"), territories initially out of Byzantine control and independent.〔Ćorović, ''Istorija srpskog naroda'', Prvi Period – III〕 In the 8th century, the Vlastimirović Dynasty established the Serbian Principality. In 822, Serbia "stretched over the greater part of Dalmatia",〔Ćorović, ''Istorija srpskog naroda'', Drugi Period – II; ''Eginhartus de vita et gestis Caroli Magni'', (p. 192 ): footnote J10〕 and Christianity was adopted as state-religion in circa 870.〔Ćorović, ''Istorija srpskog naroda'', Drugi Period – IV;〕 In the mid-10th century the state had emerged into a tribal confederation that stretched to the shores of the Adriatic Sea by the Neretva, the Sava, the Morava, and Skadar.〔Ćorović, ''Istorija srpskog naroda'', Drugi Period – V;〕 The state disintegrated after the death of the last known Vlastimirid ruler – the Byzantines annexed the region and held it for a century, until 1040 when the Serbs under the Vojislavljević Dynasty revolted in ''Duklja'' (Pomorje).〔Ćorović, ''Istorija srpskog naroda'', Drugi Period – VII;〕 In 1091, the Vukanović Dynasty established the Serbian Grand Principality, based in ''Rascia'' (Zagorje).〔 The two halves were reunited in 1142.〔Ćorović, ''Istorija srpskog naroda'', Drugi Period – VIII〕
In 1166, Stefan Nemanja took the throne, marking the beginning of Serbia, henceforth under the rule of the Nemanjići (Vukanović branch).〔Ćorović, ''Istorija srpskog naroda'', Treći Period – I;〕
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