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Neo-Luddism or New Luddism is a philosophy opposing many forms of modern technology. The word Luddite is generally used as a derogatory term applied to people showing technophobic leanings.〔Brosnan, M.J. (1998). Technophobia: the psychological impact of Information Technology. pg 155. London: Routledge.〕 The name is based on the historical legacy of the British Luddites, who were active between 1811 and 1816.〔 Neo-Luddism is a leaderless movement of non-affiliated groups who resist modern technologies and dictate a return of some or all technologies to a more primitive level.〔Sale, Kirkpatrick, America’s new Luddites. URL=http://mondediplo.com/1997/02/20luddites〕 Neo-Luddites are characterized by one or more of the following practices: passively abandoning the use of technology, harming those who produce technology, advocating simple living, or sabotaging technology. The modern Neo-Luddite movement has connections with the anti-globalization movement, anarcho-primitivism, radical environmentalism and Deep Ecology.〔 Neo-Luddism is based on the concern of the technological impact on individuals, their communities and or the environment, Neo-Luddism stipulates the use of the precautionary principle for all new technologies, insisting that technologies be proven safe before adoption, due to the unknown effects that new technologies might inspire. ==Philosophy== Neo-Luddism calls for slowing or stopping the development of new technologies. Neo-Luddism prescribes a lifestyle that abandons specific technologies, because of its belief that this is the best prospect for the future. As Robin and Webster put it, "a return to nature and what are imagined as more natural communities." In the place of industrial capitalism, Neo-Luddism prescribes small-scale agricultural communities such as those of the Amish and the Chipko movement in Nepal and India〔 as models for the future. Neo-Luddism denies the ability of any new technology to solve current problems, such as environmental degradation,〔 nuclear warfare and biological weapons, without creating more, potentially dangerous problems.〔Huesemann, Michael H., and Joyce A. Huesemann (2011). (''Technofix: Why Technology Won’t Save Us or the Environment'' ), New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, British Columbia, Canada, ISBN 0865717044, 464 pp.〕 Neo-Luddites are generally opposed to anthropocentrism, globalization and or industrial capitalism. In 1990, attempting to reclaim the term 'luddite' and found a unified movement, Chellis Glendinning published her "Notes towards a Neo-Luddite manifesto". In this paper, Glendinning describes Neo-Luddites as "20th century citizens — activists, workers, neighbors, social critics, and scholars — who question the predominant modern worldview, which preaches that unbridled technology represents progress."〔Glendinning, Chellis. "Notes towards a Neo-Luddite manifesto" 1990, ''Utne Reader''〕 Glendinning then promotes the following principles for the definition of Neo-Luddism: #"Neo-Luddites are not anti-technology:" Glendinning proposes that Neo-Luddites should only be against specific kinds of technology which are destructive to communities or are materialistic and rationalistic.〔 #"All technologies are political:" Glendinning argues that Neo-Luddites should question if technologies have been created for specific interests, to perpetuate their specific values (short-term efficiency, ease of production and marketing, profit). #"The personal view of technology is dangerously limited:" Glendinning thinks that the secondary aspects of the technology (social, economic and ecological implications) need to be examined before adoption of technology into our technological system, and not personal benefit. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Neo-Luddism」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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