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Neo-Slavism
Neo-Slavism was a short-lived movement originating in Austria-Hungary around 1908 and influencing nearby Slavic states in the Balkans as well as Russia. Neoslavists promoted cooperation between Slavs on equal terms in order to resist Germanization, pursue modernization as well as liberal reforms, and wanted to create a democratic community of Slavic nations without a dominating influence of Russia.〔〔
It was a branch of a larger and older Pan-Slavism ideology.〔 Unlike Pan-Slavism, Neo-Slavism did not attach importance to religion and did not discriminate between Catholics and Orthodox believers, did not support the creation of a single Slavic state, and was mostly interested in a non-violent realization of its program.〔
==History==
The movement originated among the Slavs of Austria-Hungary who wished to achieve equal status in that state with the Austrians and Hungarians.〔 It was particularly popular with the Young Czech Party in Austria-Hungary〔〔 and has been described as "essentially a Czech creation".〔 The Neo-Slav movement held two congresses. The founding congress took place in Prague in July 1908,〔''Jednání 1. Přípravného slovanského sjezdu v Praze 1908'', Prague, 1910.〕 the second was held in Sofia in July 1910. 〔 ''Vtori podgotovitelen Slavyanski săbor v Sofiya'', Sofia, 1911〕 Two other, less formal, gatherings of Neo-Slav activists were held in St Petersburg in May 1909 and February 1910.〔 Vyšný, Paul, ''Neo-Slavism and the Czechs, 1898-1914'', Cambridge, 1977, pp. 145-163, 170-177〕 Despite this activity, the movement made little progress before dissipating in the wake of the Bosnian crisis and subsequent Balkan Wars and the First World War.〔 It also suffered from the differences between various Slavic groups, with antagonism between Poles and Ukrainians, between different Balkans nations, and lack of support from those nations for either Austria-Hungary and Russia.〔〔 The movement declared itself apolitical, but it was nonetheless viewed with suspicion by Austro-Hungarian officials.〔
One of the few effects of the movement was the creation of the Federation of Slavic Sokols (the Sokol movement was highly supportive of Neo-Slavism).〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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