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Neotyphodium
''Neotyphodium'' is a form genus containing species of endophytic fungi. These endophytes are asexual, seed-borne symbionts of cool-season grasses, and grow intercellularly throughout the aerial tissues of their hosts, including shoot apical meristems, leaf sheaths and blades, inflorescences, seeds and embryos. The ''Neotyphodium'' endophytes produce at least four different classes of compounds with various biological activities (toxicity or feeding deterrence) against insect and mammalian herbivores.
==Taxonomic considerations==
''Neotyphodium'' species (with the likely exception of ''N. chilense'') are closely related to teleomorphic species of the genus ''Epichloë'', from which many have evolved by processes involving interspecific hybridization. Molecular phylogenetic evidence demonstrates that asexual ''Neotyphodium'' species are derived either from individual Epichloë species, or more commonly, from hybrids with at least two ancestral Epichloë species.〔 Hence, the form genus ''Neotyphodium'' is very closely associated with the teleomorphic genus ''Epichloë''. In keeping with the code of botanical nomenclature, the form genus refers to the asexual spore or vegetative state, and the teleomorphic genus refers to the sexual state. Because of their close relationships and shared biological properties, members of these two genera are collectively called 'epichloae' (singular = 'epichloë').
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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