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''Nephrops'' is a genus of lobsters comprising a single extant species, ''Nephrops norvegicus'' (the Norway lobster or Dublin Bay prawn), and several fossil species. It was erected by William Elford Leach in 1814, to accommodate ''N. norvegicus'' alone, which had previously been placed in genera such as ''Cancer'', ''Astacus'' or ''Homarus''. ''Nephrops'' means "kidney eye" and refers to the shape of the animal's compound eye. Although the species in the genus ''Metanephrops'' were previously included in ''Nephrops'', molecular phylogenetics suggests that the two genera are not sister taxa, ''Nephrops'' being more closely related to ''Homarus'' than either is to ''Metanephrops''. Most of the fossil species assigned to the genus ''Nephrops'' are known only from partial remains, and their affinities are not certain. They include: *''Nephrops reedi'' Carter, 1898 – Pliocene, England *''Nephrops costatus'' Rathbun, 1918 – Pleistocene, Panama *''Nephrops maoensis'' Rathbun, 1920 – Oligocene or Miocene, Dominican Republic *''Nephrops aequus'' Rathbun, 1920 – Oligocene or Miocene, Dominican Republic *''Nephrops shastensis'' Rathbun, 1929 – Cretaceous, California (possibly belongs in ''Hoploparia'') *''Nephrops americanus'' Rathbun, 1935 – Cretaceous, Texas (not similar to ''Nephrops'' or ''Metanephrops'') ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nephrops」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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