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Nephrotoma
''Nephrotoma'' is a genus of crane flies.〔(Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World )〕
For terms see Morphology of Diptera.
''Nephrotoma'' species have a lustrous body, which is yellow with black or brown stripes and spots.If the body is black there are coloured bands on the abdomen. The prescutum has three stripes. The proboscis (rostrum) is short and the antennae are verticillate. Sc2 fuses with radial vein R slightly distal to the base of the radial sector vein Rs an this is not longer than mcu. m1 is sessile, only rarely short and petiolate. mcu is located before the base of the discal cell (d). Tergite 9 of male has microscopic black streaks at the apex.
The species are found in deciduous and mixed forests, shrubland and moist meadows.
The larvae live in soil and are sometimes harmful to agricultural crops and ornamental plants.
==Species==
*''N. abbreviata'' (Loew, 1863)
*''N. aberdarensis'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. aculeata'' (Loew, 1871)
*''N. affinis'' (Bellardi, 1859)
*''N. albonigra'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. alexandriana'' Byers, 1968
*''N. alleni'' (Alexander, 1913)
*''N. alluaudi'' (Pierre, 1922)
*''N. alterna'' (Walker, 1848)
*''N. alticrista'' Alexander, 1941
*''N. altigalea'' Alexander, 1967
*''N. altissima'' (Osten Sacken, 1877)
*''N. altrolatera'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. ambricola'' Alexander, 1963
*''N. ampla'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. analis'' (Schummel, 1833)
*''N. angusticrista'' Alexander, 1962
*''N. angustifrons'' Edwards, 1934
*''N. angustistria'' Alexander, 1925
*''N. antennata'' (Wiedemann, 1820)
*''N. antithrix'' (Mannheims, 1962)
*''N. appendiculata'' (Pierre, 1919)
*''N. astigma'' (Pierre, 1925)
*''N. atamoor'' Alexander, 1960
*''N. atrohirsuta'' Alexander, 1973
*''N. atrostyla'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. augustana'' Alexander, 1973
*''N. aurantiaca'' (Macquart, 1838)
*''N. aurantiocincta'' Alexander, 1941
*''N. aurocomata'' Alexander, 1969
*''N. australasiae'' (Skuse, 1890)
*''N. austriaca'' (Mannheims & Theowald, 1959)
*''N. baliana'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. baluba'' Alexander, 1963
*''N. bara'' Alexander, 1960
*''N. barbigera'' (Savchenko, 1964)
*''N. basiflava'' Yang & Yang, 1991
*''N. basutoensis'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. beckeri'' (Mannheims, 1951)
*''N. bellula'' Alexander, 1969
*''N. biappendiculata'' (Savchenko, 1973)
*''N. biarmigera'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. bicristata'' Alexander, 1967
*''N. biformis'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. bifusca'' Alexander, 1920
*''N. boliviana'' Alexander, 1947
*''N. bombayensis'' (Macquart, 1855)
*''N. bourbonica'' Alexander, 1957
*''N. boyesi'' Alexander, 1969
*''N. breviorcornis'' (Doane, 1908)
*''N. brevipennis'' (Wollaston, 1858)
*''N. brevisternata'' Alexander, 1968
*''N. buruensis'' Edwards, 1926
*''N. byersi'' Oosterbroek, 1984
*''N. byersina'' Alexander, 1973
*''N. cacuminis'' Alexander, 1946
*''N. calinota'' (Dietz, 1918)
*''N. capensis'' (Róndani, 1863)
*''N. carinata'' (Mannheims, 1958)
*''N. catenata'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. caudifera'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. chaetopyga'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. chalybea'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. chapini'' Alexander, 1920
*''N. chosensis'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. cinereifrons'' Edwards, 1933
*''N. cingulata'' (Dietz, 1918)
*''N. circumcincta'' Alexander, 1941
*''N. circumscripta'' (Loew, 1863)
*''N. cirrata'' Tangelder, 1984
*''N. citreiceps'' Speiser, 1923
*''N. citricolor'' Alexander, 1949
*''N. citrina'' (Edwards, 1916)
*''N. clanceyi'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. claviformis'' Yang & Yang, 1987
*''N. colorata'' (Walker, 1865)
*''N. comoroensis'' Alexander, 1959
*''N. concava'' Yang & Yang, 1990
*''N. concolorithorax'' (Brunetti, 1912)
*''N. condylophora'' Alexander, 1970
*''N. consimilis'' (Brunetti, 1911)
*''N. consularis'' (Osten Sacken, 1886)
*''N. contrasta'' Alexander, 1920
*''N. cornicina'' (Linnaeus, 1758)
*''N. cornifera'' (Dietz, 1918)
*''N. costofumosa'' Alexander, 1963
*''N. cretensis'' Oosterbroek, 1982
*''N. cristiformis'' Alexander, 1975
*''N. crocata'' (Linnaeus, 1758)
*''N. crocea'' (Loew, 1866)
*''N. croceiventris'' (Strobl, 1909)
*''N. cuneata'' Yang & Yang, 1991
*''N. curtiterebra'' Alexander, 1967
*''N. cuthbertsoni'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. dafla'' Alexander, 1970
*''N. daisensis'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. dampfi'' Alexander, 1925
*''N. definita'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. delegorguei'' (Macquart, 1846)
*''N. delta'' (Walker, 1856)
*''N. dewittei'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. didyma'' Yang & Yang, 1987
*''N. difficilis'' Tangelder, 1984
*''N. dimidiata'' (de Meijere, 1904)
*''N. distans'' Edwards, 1928
*''N. dodabettae'' Alexander, 1951
*''N. dominicana'' Alexander, 1970
*''N. dorsalis'' (Fabricius, 1781)
*''N. dorsata'' Alexander, 1953
*''N. drakanae'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. durangensis'' Alexander, 1953
*''N. dutti'' Alexander, 1963
*''N. eburata'' (Mannheims, 1958)
*''N. ectypa'' (Speiser, 1908)
*''N. edwardsaria'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. edwardsi'' Alexander, 1917
*''N. effrena'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. electripennis'' Alexander, 1953
*''N. elegans'' (Fabricius, 1805)
*''N. elegantula'' (Williston, 1896)
*''N. elgonica'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. erebus'' Alexander, 1922
*''N. ericarum'' Alexander, 1967
*''N. esakii'' Alexander, 1924
*''N. eucera'' (Loew, 1863)
*''N. euceroides'' Alexander, 1919
*''N. euchroma'' (Mik, 1874)
*''N. eugeniae'' (Savchenko, 1957)
*''N. euthynota'' Alexander, 1962
*''N. evittata'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. exastigma'' Oosterbroek, 1978
*''N. excelsior'' (Bergroth, 1888)
*''N. extensicornis'' Alexander, 1974
*''N. familiaris'' (Osten Sacken, 1881)
*''N. fasciata'' (Macquart, 1834)
*''N. ferruginea'' (Fabricius, 1805)
*''N. festiva'' (Walker, 1848)
*''N. flammeola'' Alexander, 1925
*''N. flavescens'' (Linnaeus, 1758)
*''N. flavipalpis'' (Meigen, 1830)
*''N. flavofimbria'' Alexander, 1976
*''N. flavonigra'' Alexander, 1920
*''N. flavonota'' (Alexander, 1914)
*''N. flavoposticata'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. flavoscutellata'' Edwards, 1925
*''N. fletcheriana'' Alexander, 1952
*''N. floresensis'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. fontana'' Oosterbroek, 1978
*''N. forcipata'' (Pierre, 1919)
*''N. formosensis'' (Edwards, 1916)
*''N. freemani'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. fulani'' Alexander, 1974
*''N. fulvomedia'' Alexander, 1958
*''N. fumidapicalis'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. fumiscutellata'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. fuscapex'' Edwards, 1928
*''N. fuscescens'' (Riedel, 1910)
*''N. fuscipennis'' (Karsch, 1886)
*''N. fuscoflava'' (Brunetti, 1918)
*''N. gaganboi'' Tangelder, 1984
*''N. gamma'' (Brunetti, 1912)
*''N. geminata'' Alexander, 1920
*''N. geniculata'' Yang & Yang, 1987
*''N. glabricristata'' Alexander, 1939
*''N. globata'' Alexander, 1951
*''N. globosa'' Alexander, 1969
*''N. glossophora'' Alexander, 1964
*''N. gnata'' (Dietz, 1918)
*''N. gorongozae'' Alexander, 1960
*''N. gracilicornis'' (Loew, 1864)
*''N. graueri'' Speiser, 1923
*''N. guangxiensis'' Yang & Yang, 1993
*''N. guestfalica'' (Westhoff, 1879)
*''N. guttipleura'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. hainanica'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. hamulifera'' Alexander, 1967
*''N. handschiniana'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. helvetica'' (Mannheims & Theowald, 1959)
*''N. hemichroa'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. hirsuticauda'' Alexander, 1924
*''N. hubeiensis'' Yang & Yang, 1987
*''N. hunanensis'' Yang & Yang, 1991
*''N. hypocrites'' (Brunetti, 1918)
*''N. hypogyna'' Yang & Yang, 1990
*''N. idiocera'' Alexander, 1976
*''N. imerina'' Alexander, 1920
*''N. immaculata'' (van der Wulp, 1891)
*''N. impigra'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. inconsequens'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. incristata'' (Mannheims, 1958)
*''N. inorata'' Alexander, 1951
*''N. integra'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. iridipennis'' (Pierre, 1925)
*''N. irrevocata'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. javana'' (Wiedemann, 1821)
*''N. javensis'' (Doleschall, 1856)
*''N. jinxiuensis'' Yang & Yang, 1993
*''N. joneensis'' Yang & Yang, 1990
*''N. kaulbacki'' Alexander, 1951
*''N. kaviengensis'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. kelimotoensis'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. kempfi'' Alexander, 1976
*''N. kigeziana'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. kodaikanalensis'' Alexander, 1951
*''N. koreana'' Tangelder, 1984
*''N. korpa'' Alexander, 1967
*''N. kraussiana'' Alexander, 1978
*''N. kunagi'' Yang & Yang, 1990
*''N. laconica'' (Osten Sacken, 1882)
*''N. laffooni'' Alexander, 1950
*''N. lamellata'' (Riedel, 1910)
*''N. lateropolita'' Alexander, 1938
*''N. laticrista'' Savchenko, 1966
*''N. latispina'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. latissima'' Alexander, 1962
*''N. leeuweni'' Oosterbroek, 1985
*''N. lempkei'' Oosterbroek, 1978
*''N. leonia'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. lerothodi'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. leto'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. leucostigma'' Alexander, 1960
*''N. libra'' Alexander, 1951
*''N. ligulata'' Alexander, 1925
*''N. lindneriana'' Alexander, 1978
*''N. livingstonei'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. longisternata'' Alexander, 1967
*''N. lordhowensis'' Dobrotworsky, 1974
*''N. luaboensis'' Alexander, 1960
*''N. lucida'' (Schiner, 1868)
*''N. lugens'' (Loew, 1864)
*''N. lundbecki'' (Nielsen, 1907)
*''N. lunulicornis'' (Schummel, 1833)
*''N. luteopleura'' (Séguy, 1938)
*''N. mabelana'' Alexander, 1976
*''N. machadoi'' Alexander, 1963
*''N. macrocera'' (Say, 1823)
*''N. madagascariensis'' (Enderlein, 1912)
*''N. makiella'' (Matsumura, 1916)
*''N. malickyi'' Martinovsky, 1979
*''N. mambila'' Alexander, 1976
*''N. margaritae'' Alexander, 1970
*''N. marshalli'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. martynovi'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. medioflava'' Oosterbroek, 1985
*''N. medioligula'' Alexander, 1945
*''N. medioproducta'' Alexander, 1940
*''N. medipubera'' Edwards, 1932
*''N. medleri'' Alexander, 1972
*''N. megacantha'' Alexander, 1976
*''N. megascapha'' Alexander, 1951
*''N. melanaspis'' Alexander, 1970
*''N. melanoxantha'' Alexander, 1962
*''N. melanura'' (Osten Sacken, 1881)
*''N. meraca'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. meridionalis'' Yang & Yang, 1997
*''N. metallescens'' Edwards, 1928
*''N. mexicana'' (Macquart, 1846)
*''N. microcera'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. milloti'' Alexander, 1959
*''N. minuscula'' (Mannheims, 1951)
*''N. minuticornis'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. mobukuensis'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. monopsellia'' Speiser, 1923
*''N. moravica'' Martinovsky, 1971
*''N. moshesh'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. mossambica'' Alexander, 1920
*''N. muktesarensis'' Alexander, 1952
*''N. nasuta'' Oosterbroek, 1975
*''N. navajo'' Alexander, 1949
*''N. neopratensis'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. nigeriensis'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. nigricauda'' Alexander, 1925
*''N. nigrichroma'' (Pierre, 1925)
*''N. nigrirostris'' Edwards, 1928
*''N. nigritana'' (Mannheims, 1958)
*''N. nigrithorax'' (de Meijere, 1919)
*''N. nigroannulata'' (van der Wulp, 1885)
*''N. nigrocentralis'' Alexander, 1938
*''N. nigrocostalis'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. nigrohalterata'' Edwards, 1928
*''N. nigrolutea'' (Bellardi, 1859)
*''N. nigropilosa'' Alexander, 1969
*''N. nigrostylata'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. nigrotergata'' (de Meijere, 1924)
*''N. nox'' (Riedel, 1910)
*''N. nycteris'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. occipitalis'' (Loew, 1864)
*''N. ocellata'' Yang & Yang, 1990
*''N. ochripennis'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. okefenoke'' (Alexander, 1915)
*''N. oligochaeta'' Alexander, 1957
*''N. omeiana'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. oosterbroeki'' Tangelder, 1983
*''N. opacistriata'' Alexander, 1957
*''N. opima'' Alexander, 1924
*''N. ordinaria'' (Osten Sacken, 1886)
*''N. ortiva'' (Osten Sacken, 1882)
*''N. ozenumensis'' Alexander, 1925
*''N. pallida'' Oosterbroek, 1985
*''N. pallidapex'' Alexander, 1938
*''N. palloris'' (Coquillett, 1898)
*''N. pamirensis'' (Enderlein, 1933)
*''N. pangerangensis'' (Alexander, 1915)
*''N. parascutellata'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. parva'' (Edwards, 1916)
*''N. parvirostra'' Alexander, 1924
*''N. paulianana'' Alexander, 1957
*''N. pedunculata'' (Loew, 1863)
*''N. penumbra'' Alexander, 1915
*''N. peralticrista'' Alexander, 1967
*''N. perhorrida'' Alexander, 1942
*''N. perincisa'' Alexander, 1949
*''N. perlepida'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. perobliqua'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. petiolata'' (Macquart, 1838)
*''N. pilata'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. pilicauda'' (Savchenko, 1973)
*''N. pjotri'' Tangelder, 1984
*''N. platysphela'' Alexander, 1963
*''N. platysterna'' Alexander, 1967
*''N. pleurinotata'' (Brunetti, 1912)
*''N. pleuromaculata'' Alexander, 1927
*''N. polymera'' (Loew, 1863)
*''N. praecipua'' Alexander, 1960
*''N. pratensis'' (Linnaeus, 1758)
*''N. profunda'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. progne'' Alexander, 1949
*''N. pulchella'' (Róndani, 1850)
*''N. pullata'' (Alexander, 1914)
*''N. puncticornis'' (Brunetti, 1912)
*''N. punctifrons'' (Macquart, 1838)
*''N. punctum'' (Loew, 1863)
*''N. qinghaiensis'' Yang & Yang, 1987
*''N. quadrifaria'' (Meigen, 1804)
*''N. quadrilata'' Alexander, 1951
*''N. quadrinacrea'' Alexander, 1949
*''N. quadristriata'' (Schummel, 1833)
*''N. quadrivittata'' (van der Wulp, 1885)
*''N. quincunx'' (Speiser, 1909)
*''N. rajah'' Alexander, 1951
*''N. ramulifera'' Tjeder, 1955
*''N. rectispina'' Alexander, 1925
*''N. relicta'' (Savchenko, 1973)
*''N. repanda'' (Alexander, 1914)
*''N. retenta'' Alexander, 1935
*''N. reunionensis'' Alexander, 1957
*''N. richardiana'' Alexander, 1957
*''N. ridleyi'' Edwards, 1932
*''N. rogersi'' Byers, 1968
*''N. rossica'' (Riedel, 1910)
*''N. ruanda'' Alexander, 1955
*''N. rubriventris'' (Savchenko, 1957)
*''N. ruiliensis'' Yang & Yang, 1990
*''N. ruwenzoriana'' Alexander, 1920
*''N. saccai'' (Mannheims, 1951)
*''N. sachalina'' Alexander, 1924
*''N. saghaliensis'' Alexander, 1925
*''N. sakalava'' Alexander, 1960
*''N. sangoana'' Alexander, 1963
*''N. scalarifer'' Alexander, 1920
*''N. scalaris'' (Meigen, 1818)
*''N. schaeuffelei'' (Mannheims, 1964)
*''N. scurra'' (Meigen, 1818)
*''N. scurroides'' (de Meijere, 1904)
*''N. semicincta'' Alexander, 1951
*''N. semiflava'' (Strobl, 1909)
*''N. seniana'' Alexander, 1952
*''N. serricornis'' (Brunetti, 1912)
*''N. setirostra'' Alexander, 1963
*''N. shanxiensis'' Yang & Yang, 1990
*''N. siamensis'' Edwards, 1928
*''N. sichuanensis'' Yang & Yang, 1990
*''N. sinensis'' (Edwards, 1916)
*''N. smithersiana'' Alexander, 1959
*''N. sodalis'' (Loew, 1864)
*''N. solomonis'' Alexander, 1924
*''N. sparsicoma'' Alexander, 1969
*''N. spatha'' Oosterbroek, 1975
*''N. speculata'' (de Meijere, 1913)
*''N. spicula'' Tangelder, 1984
*''N. stackelbergi'' (Savchenko, 1957)
*''N. staryi'' Oosterbroek, 1982
*''N. sternomarginata'' Alexander, 1964
*''N. strenua'' Alexander, 1917
*''N. stygia'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. stylacantha'' Alexander, 1937
*''N. subalterna'' Oosterbroek, 1984
*''N. subanalis'' (Mannheims, 1951)
*''N. subdentata'' Alexander, 1955
*''N. subeuryglossa'' Alexander, 1969
*''N. subinanis'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. sublunulicornis'' (Savchenko, 1957)
*''N. submaculosa'' Edwards, 1928
*''N. subopaca'' Alexander, 1952
*''N. subpallida'' Alexander, 1925
*''N. subumbonis'' Alexander, 1967
*''N. sullingtonensis'' Edwards, 1938
*''N. sundaica'' Edwards, 1932
*''N. suturalis'' (Loew, 1863)
*
*''N. s. wulpiana''(Bergroth, 1865)
*''N. takeuchii'' Alexander, 1924
*''N. tealei'' Oosterbroek, 1984
*''N. tenggerensis'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. tenuipes'' (Riedel, 1910)
*''N. tenuis'' (Loew, 1863)
*''N. theowaldi'' Oosterbroek, 1978
*''N. thysia'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. tianlinensis'' Yang & Yang, 1993
*''N. tigrina'' Alexander, 1917
*''N. tigrinoides'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. tincta'' (Walker, 1856)
*''N. toda'' Alexander, 1951
*''N. toxopei'' Edwards, 1926
*''N. tricincta'' Alexander, 1921
*''N. trilobulata'' Alexander, 1936
*''N. triobtusa'' Alexander, 1969
*''N. tripartita'' (Walker, 1861)
*''N. triplasia'' (van der Wulp, 1885)
*''N. triquetra'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. tumidiverticalis'' Alexander, 1930
*''N. tzitzikamae'' Alexander, 1964
*''N. umbonis'' Alexander, 1964
*''N. umbripennis'' Alexander, 1917
*''N. unicingulata'' Alexander, 1917
*''N. unicornis'' Alexander, 1961
*''N. unisicata'' Alexander, 1969
*''N. urocera'' (Dietz, 1918)
*''N. usta'' (Osten Sacken, 1886)
*''N. vana'' nigrovana Oosterbroek, 1985
*''N. vana'' vana Oosterbroek, 1985
*''N. variventris'' Edwards, 1932
*''N. venusticeps'' Alexander, 1956
*''N. vesta'' Alexander, 1949
*''N. vicaria'' (Walker, 1848)
*''N. villosa'' (Savchenko, 1973)
*''N. vinsoniana'' Alexander, 1957
*''N. violovitshi'' (Savchenko, 1967)
*''N. virescens'' (Loew, 1864)
*''N. virgata'' (Coquillett, 1898)
*''N. vittula'' (Loew, 1864)
*''N. walkeri'' Oosterbroek, 1986
*''N. whiteheadi'' Edwards, 1933
*''N. xanthoplaca'' Alexander, 1920
*''N. xanthoplacodes'' Alexander, 1963
*''N. xichangensis'' Yang & Yang, 1990
*''N. xinjiangensis'' Yang & Yang, 1987
*''N. xizangensis'' Yang & Yang, 1987
*''N. zhejiangensis'' Yang & Yang, 1995
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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