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Newfoundland and Labrador
Newfoundland and Labrador (, (フランス語:Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador)) is the most easterly province of Canada. Situated in the country's Atlantic region, it comprises the island of Newfoundland and mainland Labrador to the northwest, with a combined area of . In 2013, the province's population was estimated at 526,702.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a26?lang=eng&retrLang=eng&id=0510005&paSer=&pattern=&stByVal=1&p1=1&p2=31&tabMode=dataTable&csid= )〕 Approximately 92 percent of the province's population lives on the island of Newfoundland (including its associated smaller islands), of which more than half live on the Avalon Peninsula. The province is Canada's most linguistically homogeneous, with 97.6% of residents reporting English (Newfoundland English) as their mother tongue in the 2006 census.〔(Population by mother tongue and age groups, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories - 20% sample data ). 2.statcan.ca (2009-03-24). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.〕 Historically, Newfoundland was also home to unique varieties of French and Irish, as well as the extinct Beothuk language. In Labrador, local dialects of Innu-aimun and Inuktitut are also spoken.
Newfoundland and Labrador's capital and largest city, St. John's, is Canada's 20th-largest census metropolitan area, and is home to almost 40 percent of the province's population. St. John's is the seat of government, home to the House of Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador and the highest court in the jurisdiction, the Newfoundland and Labrador Court of Appeal.
A former colony and dominion of the United Kingdom, Newfoundland and Labrador became the tenth province to enter the Canadian Confederation on March 31, 1949, as ''Newfoundland''. On December 6, 2001, an amendment was made to the Constitution of Canada to change the province's official name to ''Newfoundland and Labrador''. In day-to-day conversation, however, Canadians generally still refer to the province itself as Newfoundland and to the region on the Canadian mainland as Labrador.
==Etymology==
The name ''Newfoundland'' is derived from English as "New Found Land" (a translation from the Portuguese ''Terra Nova'', still reflected in the province's French language name, "Terre-Neuve"). The origin of ''Labrador'' is credited to João Fernandes Lavrador, the Portuguese navigator who explored the region.〔Hamilton, William B. (1978): ''The Macmillan book of Canadian place names'', Macmillan of Canada, Toronto, p. 105.〕
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