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Nezahualcoyotl
Nezahualcoyotl (, , meaning "Coyote in fast" or "Coyote who Fasts")〔The name is often spelled with a ''tz'' or accented as in Spanish: Nezahualcóyotl or Netzahualcóyotl), Layman's pronunciation of the name Nezahualcoyotl: nets-a-wall-COY-oatl.〕 (April 28, 1402 – June 4, 1472) was a philosopher, warrior, architect, poet and ruler (''tlatoani'') of the city-state of Texcoco in pre-Columbian Mexico. Unlike other high-profile Mexican figures from the century preceding the Spanish Conquest, Nezahualcoyotl was not Mexica; his people were the Acolhua, another Nahuan people settled in the eastern part of the Valley of Mexico, settling on the eastern side of Lake Texcoco.
He is best remembered for his poetry, but according to accounts by his descendants and biographers, Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxochitl and Juan Bautista de Pomar, he had an experience of an "Unknown, Unknowable Lord of Everywhere" to whom he built an entirely empty temple in which no blood sacrifices of any kind were allowed — not even those of animals. However, he allowed human sacrifices to continue in his other temples.
==Early life==
Born as Nezahualcoyotly Acolmiztli (Fasted Coyote, Arm of a Lion),he was the son of Ixtlilxochitl I and Matlalcihuatzin, the daughter of Huitzilihuitl. Though born heir to a throne, his youth was not marked by princely luxury. His father had set Texcoco against the powerful city of Azcapotzalco, ruled by the Tepanec. In 1418, when the young prince was fifteen, his father was assassinated.
The Tepanecs of Azcapotzalco, led by Tezozomoc, conquered Texcoco and Nezahualcoyotl had to flee into exile in Huexotzinco, returning to stay in Tenochtitlan in 1422. His aunts bribed the Tepanec king and allowed for him to be partially educated as a Mexica. His exposure to Mexica culture and politics would influence how he later governed Texcoco. After Tezozomoc's son Maxtla became ruler of Azcapotzalco, Nezahualcoyotl returned to Texcoco, but had to go into exile a second time when he learned that Maxtla plotted against his life.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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