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Nicrosaurus
''Nicrosaurus'' (/nɛkroʊˈsɔrəs/) is an extinct genus of phytosaur reptile existing during the Late Triassic period. It was of medium size, probably about 2.5 m (8.2 ft).〔http://www.prehistoric-wildlife.com/species/n/nicrosaurus.html〕 Although it looked and probably lived like a crocodile, it was not closely related to these creatures, instead being an example of parallel evolution. The main difference between ''Nicrosaurus'' (and all other phytosaurs) and modern crocodiles is the position of the nostrils – ''Nicrosauruss nostrils, or external nares, were placed directly in front of the forehead, whereas in crocodiles, the nostrils are positioned on the end of the snout. A 2013 study has also found that illium of ''Nicrosaurus'' is quite distinctive from all other phytosaurs.〔
The genus was named by German paleontologist, Dr. Eberhard Fraas, in 1866, possibly after the Neckar river of southwestern Germany, near which it was found.
==Description and paleobiology==
Some distinguishing anatomical features of ''Nicrosaurus'' are the external nares at the skull roof level, the dorsoventrally compressed and rounded posterior squamosal processes, the broad and heavy rostrum and a strong prenarial crest.〔Chatterjee, S. (1986). The Late Triassic Dockum vertebrates: their stratigraphic and paleobiogeographic significance. The beginning of the age of dinosaurs: faunal change across the Triassic-Jurassic boundary, 139-150.〕
''Nicrosaurus'' may have been more terrestrial than other phytosaurs. Occurring in marginal-lacustrine or outrightly terrestrial settings, it bears longer limb bones, a straighter femur and a deeper pelvis than other phytosaurs. Combined with its unusually deep upper jaw and heterodont teeth, it was most likely a secondarily terrestrial predator, probably not at all dissimilar from terrestrial crocodilymorphs like sebecians.〔Kimmig, J. 2013. Possible secondarily terrestrial lifestyle in the European phytosaur Nicrosaurus kapfii (Late Triassic, Norian): a preliminary study. Bulletin of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science 61, 306-312.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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