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Nikāya is a Pāḷi word meaning "volume." It is used like the Sanskrit word ''āgama'' "basket"〔the http://departments.colgate.edu/greatreligions/pages/buddhanet/theravada/nipata.txt〕 to mean "collection," "assemblage," "class" or "group" in both Pāḷi and Sanskrit.〔Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 352, entry for "Nikāya" at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.2:1:6.pali (retrieved 2007-11-06).〕 It is most commonly used in reference to the Buddhist texts of the Sutta Piṭaka but can also refer to the monastic divisions of Theravāda Buddhism. In addition, the term ''Nikāya'' is sometimes used in contemporary scholarship to refer to early Buddhist schools. ==Text collections== In the Pāli Canon, particularly, the "Discourse Basket" or ''Sutta Piṭaka'', the meaning of ''nikāya'' is roughly equivalent to the English ''collection'' and is used to describe groupings of discourses according to theme, length, or other categories. For example, the ''Sutta Piṭaka'' is broken up into five nikāyas: * the Dīgha Nikāya, the collection of long (Pāḷi: ''dīgha'') discourses * the Majjhima Nikāya, the collection of middle-length (''majjhima'') discourses * the Samyutta Nikāya, the collection of thematically linked (''samyutta'') discourses * the Anguttara Nikāya, the "gradual collection" (discourses grouped by content enumerations) * the Khuddaka Nikāya, the "minor collection" In the other early Buddhist schools the alternate term ''āgama'' was used instead of nikāya to describe their ''Sutra Piṭaka''s. Thus the non-Mahāyāna portion of the Sanskrit-language ''Sutra Piṭaka'' is referred to as "the Āgamas" by Mahāyāna Buddhists. The Āgamas survive for the most part only in Classical Tibetan and Chinese translation. They correspond closely with the Pāḷi nikāyas. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nikāya」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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