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''Niphargus'' is by far the largest genus of its family, the Niphargidae, and the largest of all freshwater amphipod genera.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''Niphargus'' )〕 Usually, these animals inhabit caves or groundwater. They occur mainly in western Eurasia, in regions that were not covered by the Pleistocene ice sheets. Some are found southwestwards of this range; on the other hand this genus is largely missing from Iberia. In their main range – the central Mediterranean region through Central and Eastern Europe to the Ukraine – they are among the most significant organisms inhabiting the groundwater.〔 The genus ''Niphargus'' contains the following species: *''Niphargus abchasicus'' Martynov, 1932 *''Niphargus aberrans'' Sket, 1972 *''Niphargus ablaskiri'' Birstein, 1940 *''Niphargus abricossovi'' Birstein, 1932 *''Niphargus adbiptus'' G. Karaman, 1973 *''Niphargus adei'' S. Karaman, 1934 *''Niphargus affinis'' Dobreanu, Manolache & Puscariu, 1953 *''Niphargus aggtelekiensis'' Dudich, 1932 *''Niphargus alasonius'' Derzhavin, 1945 *''Niphargus alatus'' G. Karaman, 1973 *''Niphargus alpinus'' G. Karaman & Ruffo, 1989 *''Niphargus altagahizi'' Alouf, 1973 *''Niphargus alutensis'' Dancau, 1971 *''Niphargus ambulator'' G. Karaman, 1975 *''Niphargus anatolicus'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus andropus'' Schellenberg, 1940 *''Niphargus angelieri'' Ruffo, 1954 *''Niphargus anticolanus'' d’Ancona, 1934 *''Niphargus apuanus'' Ruffo, 1936 *''Niphargus aquilex'' Schioedte, 1855 *''Niphargus arbiter'' G. Karaman, 1985 *''Niphargus arcanus'' G. Karaman, 1988 *''Niphargus armatus'' G. Karaman, 1985 *''Niphargus asper'' G. Karaman, 1972 *''Niphargus auerbachi'' Schellenberg, 1934 *''Niphargus aulicus'' G. S. Karaman, 1991 *''Niphargus bajuvaricus'' Schellenberg, 1932 *''Niphargus balazuci'' Schellenberg, 1951 *''Niphargus balcanicus'' Absolon, 1927 *''Niphargus baloghi'' Dudich, 1940 *''Niphargus banaticus'' Dobreanu & Manolache, 1936 *''Niphargus banjanus'' S. Karaman, 1943 *''Niphargus barbatus'' Karaman, 1985 *''Niphargus bihorensis'' Schellenberg, 1940 *''Niphargus bilecanus'' S. Karaman, 1953 *''Niphargus biljanae'' Karaman, 1998 *''Niphargus birsteini'' Dedyu, 1963 *''Niphargus bitoljensis'' S. Karaman, 1943 *''Niphargus bodoni'' Karaman, 1985 *''Niphargus borkanus'' S. Karaman, 1960 *''Niphargus borutzkyi'' Birstein, 1933 *''Niphargus boskovici'' S. Karaman, 1952 *''Niphargus bosniacus'' S. Karaman, 1943 *''Niphargus boulangei'' Wichers, 1964 *''Niphargus brachytelson'' S. Karaman, 1952 *''Niphargus brevicuspis'' Schellenberg, 1937 *''Niphargus brevirostris'' Sket, 1971 *''Niphargus brixianus'' Ruffo, 1937 *''Niphargus bulgaricus'' Andreev, 2001 *''Niphargus bureschi'' Fage, 1926 *''Niphargus burgundus'' Graf & Straskraba, 1967 *''Niphargus buturovici'' S. Karaman, 1958 *''Niphargus caelestis'' G. Karaman, 1982 *''Niphargus canui'' G. Karaman, 1976 *''Niphargus carcerarius'' G. Karaman, 1989 *''Niphargus carniolicus'' Sket, 1960 *''Niphargus carpathicus'' Dobreanu & Manolache, 1939 *''Niphargus carpathorossicus'' Straskraba, 1957 *''Niphargus carsicus'' Straskraba, 1956 *''Niphargus casimiriensis'' Skalski, 1980 *''Niphargus castellanus'' S. Karaman, 1960 *''Niphargus catalogus'' G. S. Karaman, 1995 *''Niphargus cavernicolus'' Dobreanu & Manolache, 1957 *''Niphargus cepelarensis'' S. Karaman & G. Karaman, 1959 *''Niphargus ciliatus'' Chevreux, 1906 *''Niphargus cismontanus'' Margalef, 1952 *''Niphargus corinae'' Dedyu, 1963 *''Niphargus corniculanus'' Iannilli&Vigna-Taglianti, 2005 *''Niphargus corsicanus'' Schellenberg, 1950 *''Niphargus costozzae'' Schellenberg, 1935 *''Niphargus croaticus'' Jurinac, 1888 *''Niphargus cubanicus'' Birstein, 1954 *''Niphargus cvijici'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus d’anconai'' Benedetti, 1942 *''Niphargus dabarensis'' Fišer, Trontelj & Sket, 2006 *''Niphargus dacicus'' Dancau, 1963 *''Niphargus dalmatinus'' Schaferna, 1922 *''Niphargus danconai'' Benedetti, 1942 *''Niphargus danconai'' S. Karaman, 1954 *''Niphargus danielopoli'' Karaman, 1994 *''Niphargus debilis'' Ruffo, 1936 *''Niphargus decui'' G. Karaman & Sarbu, 1995 *''Niphargus deelemanae'' G. Karaman, 1973 *''Niphargus delamarei'' Ruffo, 1954 *''Niphargus derzhavini'' Birstein, 1952 *''Niphargus dimorphopus'' Stock & Gledhill, 1977 *''Niphargus dimorphus'' Birstein, 1961 *''Niphargus dissonus'' G. Karaman, 1984 *''Niphargus dobati'' Sket, 1999 *''Niphargus dobrogicus'' Dancau, 1964 *''Niphargus dojranensis'' G. Karaman, 1960 *''Niphargus dolenianesis'' Lorenzi, 1898 *''Niphargus dolichopus'' Fišer, Trontelj & Sket, 2006 *''Niphargus dubius'' Dobreanu & Manolache *''Niphargus dudichi'' Hanko, 1924 *''Niphargus duplus'' G. Karaman, 1976 *''Niphargus echion'' G. Karaman & Gottstein Matočec, 2006 *''Niphargus effossus'' Dudich, 1943 *''Niphargus elegans'' Garbini, 1894 *''Niphargus enslini'' S. Karaman, 1932 *''Niphargus eugeniae'' Derzhavin, 1945 *''Niphargus factor'' Sket & G. Karaman, 1990 *''Niphargus fontanus'' Bate, 1859 *''Niphargus fongi'' Fišer & Zagmajster, 2009 *''Niphargus fontophilus'' S. Karaman, 1943 *''Niphargus foreli'' Humbert, 1877 *''Niphargus forroi'' Karaman, 1986 *''Niphargus galenae'' Derzhavin, 1939 *''Niphargus gallicus'' Schellenberg, 1935 *''Niphargus galvagnii'' Ruffo, 1953 *''Niphargus gebhardti'' Schellenberg, 1934 *''Niphargus georgievi'' S. Karaman & G. Karaman, 1959 *''Niphargus gineti'' Bou, 1965 *''Niphargus glontii'' Behning, 1940 *''Niphargus graecus'' S. Karaman, 1934 *''Niphargus grandii'' Ruffo, 1937 *† ''Niphargus groehni'' Coleman & Myers, 2001 *''Niphargus gurjanovae'' Birstein, 1941 *''Niphargus hadzii'' Rejic, 1956 *''Niphargus hebereri'' Schellenberg, 1933 *''Niphargus hercegovinensis'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus hoverlicus'' Dedyu, 1963 *''Niphargus hrabei'' S. Karaman, 1932 *''Niphargus hungaricus'' Mehely, 1937 *''Niphargus hvarensis'' S. Karaman, 1952 *''Niphargus ictus'' G. Karaman, 1985 *''Niphargus illidzensis'' Schaferna, 1922 *''Niphargus incertus'' Dobreanu, Manolache & Puscariu, 1951 *''Niphargus inclinatus'' G. Karaman, 1973 *''Niphargus inermis'' Birstein, 1940 *''Niphargus iniochus'' Birstein, 1941 *''Niphargus inopinatus'' Schellenberg, 1932 *''Niphargus inornatus'' Derzhavin, 1945 *''Niphargus irlandicus'' Schellenberg, 1932 *''Niphargus italicus'' G. Karaman, 1976 *''Niphargus itus'' G. Karaman, 1986 *''Niphargus ivokaramani'' G. Karaman, 1994 *''Niphargus jadranko'' Sket & G. Karaman, 1990 *''Niphargus jalzici'' G. Karaman, 1989 *''Niphargus jaroschenkoi'' Dedyu, 1963 *''Niphargus jovanovici'' S. Karaman, 1931 *''Niphargus jugoslavicus'' G. Karaman, 1982 *''Niphargus jurinaci'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus karamani'' Schellenberg, 1935 *''Niphargus kenki'' S. Karaman, 1952 *''Niphargus kieferi'' Schellenberg, 1936 *''Niphargus kirgizi'' Fišer, Çamur-Elipek & Özbek, 2009 *''Niphargus kochianus'' Bate, 1859 *''Niphargus kolombatovici'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus komareki'' S. Karaman, 1932 *''Niphargus korosensis'' Dudich, 1943 *''Niphargus kosanini'' S. Karaman, 1943 *''Niphargus kragujevensis'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus krameri'' Schellenberg, 1935 *''Niphargus kurdus'' Derzhavin, 1945 *''Niphargus kusceri'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus labacensis'' Sket, 1956 *''Niphargus ladmiraulti'' Chevreux, 1901 *''Niphargus laisi'' Schellenberg, 1936 *''Niphargus laticaudatus'' Schellenberg, 1940 *''Niphargus latimanus'' Birstein, 1952 *''Niphargus lattingerae'' G. Karaman, 1983 *''Niphargus leopoliensis'' Jaworowski, 1893 *''Niphargus lessiniensis'' Stoch, 1998 *''Niphargus liburnicus'' G. Karaman & Sket, 1989 *''Niphargus likanus'' S. Karaman, 1952 *''Niphargus lindbergi'' S. Karaman, 1956 *''Niphargus longicaudatus'' A. Costa, 1851 *''Niphargus longidactylus'' Ruffo, 1937 *''Niphargus longiflagellum'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus lori'' Derzhavin, 1945 *''Niphargus lourensis'' Fišer, Trontelj & Sket, 2006 *''Niphargus lunaris'' G. Karaman, 1985 *''Niphargus macedonicus'' S. Karaman, 1929 *''Niphargus magnus'' Birstein, 1940 *''Niphargus maximus'' S. Karaman, 1929 *''Niphargus mediodanubilais'' Dudich, 1941 *''Niphargus medvednicae'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus melticensis'' Dancau & Andreev, 1973 *''Niphargus meridionalis'' Dobreanu & Manolache, 1942 *''Niphargus messanai'' G. Karaman, 1989 *''Niphargus microcerberus'' Sket, 1972 *''Niphargus miljeticus'' Straškraba, 1959 *''Niphargus minor'' Sket, 1956 *''Niphargus moldavicus'' Dobreanu, Manolache & Puscariu, 1953 *''Niphargus molnari'' Mehely, 1927 *''Niphargus montellianus'' Stoch, 1998 *''Niphargus montenigrinus'' G. Karaman, 1962 *''Niphargus multipennatus'' Sket, 1956 *''Niphargus nadarini'' Alouf, 1972 *''Niphargus nicaensis'' Isnard, 1916 *''Niphargus novomestanus'' S. Karaman, 1952 *''Niphargus numerus'' G. Karaman & Sket, 1990 *''Niphargus occultus'' G. Karaman, 1993-94 *''Niphargus ohridanus'' S. Karaman, 1929 *''Niphargus orcinus'' Joseph, 1869 *''Niphargus orientalis'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus osogovensis'' S. Karaman, 1959 *''Niphargus otharicus'' Birstein, 1952 *''Niphargus pachypus'' Schellenberg, 1933 *''Niphargus pachytelson'' Sket, 1960 *''Niphargus pancici'' S. Karaman, 1929 *''Niphargus pannonicus'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus parapupetta'' G. Karaman, 1984 *''Niphargus parenzani'' Ruffo & Vigna–Taglianti, 1968 *''Niphargus parvus'' S. Karaman, 1943 *''Niphargus pasquinii'' Vigna-Taglianti, 1966 *''Niphargus pater'' Mehely, 1941 *''Niphargus patrizii'' Ruffo & Vigna–Taglianti, 1968 *''Niphargus pavicevici'' G. Karaman, 1976 *''Niphargus pecarensis'' S. Karaman & G. Karaman, 1959 *''Niphargus pectencoronatae'' Sket & G. Karaman, 1990 *''Niphargus pectinicauda'' Sket, 1971 *''Niphargus pedemontanus'' Ruffo, 1937 *''Niphargus pellagonicus'' S. Karaman, 1943 *''Niphargus pescei'' G. Karaman, 1984 *''Niphargus petkovskii'' G. Karaman, 1963 *''Niphargus petrosani'' Dobreanu & Manolache, 1933 *''Niphargus phreaticolus'' Motas, Dobreanu & Manolache, 1948 *''Niphargus plateaui'' Chevreux, 1901 *''Niphargus pliginskii'' Martynov, 1930 *''Niphargus podgoricensis'' S. Karaman, 1934 *''Niphargus podpecanus'' S. Karaman, 1952 *''Niphargus poianoi'' G. Karaman, 1988 *''Niphargus polonicus'' Schellenberg, 1936 *''Niphargus poloninicus'' Straškraba, 1957 *''Niphargus polymorphus'' Fišer, Trontelj & Sket, 2006 *''Niphargus ponoricus'' Dancau, 1963 *''Niphargus potamophilus'' Birstein, 1954 *''Niphargus pretneri'' Sket, 1959 *''Niphargus pseudocaspius'' G. Karaman, 1982 *''Niphargus pseudokochianus'' Dobreanu, Manolache & Puscariu, 1953 *''Niphargus pseudolatimanus'' Birstein, 1952 *''Niphargus pulevici'' G. Karaman, 1967 *''Niphargus pupetta'' Sket, 1962 *''Niphargus puteanus'' C. L. Koch, 1836 *''Niphargus rajecensis'' Schellenberg, 1938 *''Niphargus ravanicanus'' S. Karaman, 1943 *''Niphargus redenseki'' Sket, 1959 *''Niphargus rejici'' Sket, 1958 *''Niphargus remus'' G. Karaman, 1992 *''Niphargus remyi'' S. Karaman, 1934 *''Niphargus renei'' Karaman, 1986 *''Niphargus rhenorhodanensis'' Schellenberg, 1937 *''Niphargus rhodi'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus robustus'' Chevreux, 1901 *''Niphargus romanicus'' Dobreanu & Manolache, 1942 *''Niphargus romuleus'' Vigna-Taglianti, 1968 *''Niphargus rostratus'' Sket, 1971 *''Niphargus rucneri'' G. Karaman, 1962 *''Niphargus ruffoi'' G. Karaman, 1976 *''Niphargus salonitanus'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus sanctinaumi'' S. Karaman, 1943 *''Niphargus schellenbergi'' S. Karaman, 1932 *''Niphargus schusteri'' G. Karaman, 1991 *''Niphargus scopicauda'' Fišer, Coleman, Zagmajster, Zwittnig, Gerecke & Sket, 2010 *''Niphargus serbicus'' S. Karaman, 1960 *''Niphargus sertaci'' Fišer, Çamur-Elipek & Özbek, 2009 *''Niphargus setiferus'' Schellenberg, 1937 *''Niphargus sibillinianus'' G. Karaman, 1984 *''Niphargus similis'' G. Karaman & Ruffo, 1989 *''Niphargus sketi'' G. Karaman, 1966 *''Niphargus skopljensis'' S. Karaman, 1929 *''Niphargus slovenicus'' S. Karaman, 1932 *''Niphargus smederevanus'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus smirnovi'' Birstein, 1952 *''Niphargus sodalis'' G. Karaman, 1984 *''Niphargus somesensis'' Motas, Dobreanu & Manolache, 1948 *''Niphargus speziae'' Schellenberg, 1936 *''Niphargus sphagnicolus'' Rejic, 1956 *''Niphargus spinulifemur'' S. Karaman, 1954 *''Niphargus spoeckeri'' Schellenberg, 1933 *''Niphargus stadleri'' S. Karaman, 1932 *''Niphargus stankoi'' G. Karaman, 1974 *''Niphargus stebbingi'' Cecchini *''Niphargus stefanellii'' Ruffo & Vigna-Taglianti, 1968 *''Niphargus stenopus'' Sket, 1960 *''Niphargus steueri'' Schellenberg, 1935 *''Niphargus stochi'' G. Karaman, 1994 *''Niphargus strouhali'' Schellenberg, 1933 *''Niphargus stygius'' (Schiodte), 1847 *''Niphargus stygocharis'' Dudich, 1943 *''Niphargus submersus'' (Derzhavin), 1945 *''Niphargus subtypicus'' Sket, 1960 *''Niphargus talikadzei'' Giliarov, Lagidze, Levushkin & Talikadze, 1974 *''Niphargus tamaninii'' Ruffo, 1953 *''Niphargus tatrensis'' Wrzesniowsky, 1888 *''Niphargus tauri'' Schellenberg, 1933 *''Niphargus tauricus'' Birstein, 1964 *''Niphargus tenuicaudatus'' Schellenberg, 1940 *''Niphargus thermalis'' Dudich, 1941 *''Niphargus thienemanni'' Schellenberg, 1934 *''Niphargus thuringius'' Schellenberg, 1934 *''Niphargus timavi'' S. Karaman, 1954 *''Niphargus toplicensis'' Andreev, 1966 *''Niphargus transitivus'' Sket, 1971 *''Niphargus transsylvanicus'' Schellenberg, 1934 *''Niphargus tridentinus'' Stoch, 1998 *''Niphargus trullipes'' Sket, 1958 *''Niphargus vadimi'' Birstein, 1961 *''Niphargus valachicus'' Dobreanu & Manolache, 1933 *''Niphargus vandeli'' Barbe, 1961 *''Niphargus variabilis'' Dobreanu, Manolache & Puscariu, 1953 *''Niphargus velesensis'' S. Karaman, 1943 *''Niphargus versluysi'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus vinodolensis'' Fišer, Sket & Stoch, 2006 *''Niphargus virei'' Chevreux, 1896 *''Niphargus vjeternicensis'' S. Karaman, 1932 *''Niphargus vlkanovi'' S. Karaman & G. Karaman, 1959 *''Niphargus vodnensis'' S. Karaman, 1943 *''Niphargus vornatscheri'' Schellenberg, 1934 *''Niphargus vranjinae'' G. Karaman, 1967 *''Niphargus vulgaris'' G. Karaman, 1968 *''Niphargus wexfordensis'' Karaman, Gledhill & Holmes, 1994 *''Niphargus wolfi'' Schellenberg, 1933 *''Niphargus zagrebensis'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus zavalanus'' S. Karaman, 1950 *''Niphargus zorae'' G. Karaman, 1967 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Niphargus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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