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Nirankari
Nirankari ((パンジャーブ語:ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰੀ), (ヒンディー語:निरंकारी), English: Followers of the Formless One) is a reformist movement in Sikhism.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Nirankari )〕
== Origins ==
Nirankari originated in Rawalpindi in the northwest of the Punjab in what is now modern day Pakistan. The sect was founded by a Sahajdhari Sikh Baba Dyal Singh (1785-1855) 〔McLeod, W.H. ''Textual Sources for the Study of Sikhism'' Manchester University Press ND, 1984〕 and a bullion merchant.
Baba Dyal's successor, Baba Darbar Singh, collected and recorded the Baba Dyal's essential teachings and established Nirankari communities outside of Rawalpindi. During the leadership of Sahib Rattaji (1870-1909), the Nirankari were estimated to number in the thousands.〔 Some members became involved in the Singh Sabha Movement, a Sikhism revivalist movement, under the fourth leader Baba Gurdit Singh. However, the Singh Sabha Movement was largely based on Guru Nanak Dev's teachings, which were less popular to the Khalsa of Guru Gobind Singh, causing its significant marginalization.
Under the British Raj, the Nirankari was further sidelined. In 1929 the Sant Nirankari Mission formed out of the Nirankari. The Mission was defined by its belief in a living Guru after the Guru Granth Sahib. The group later developed its own distinct spiritual movement. At the time of the partition of India in 1947, the Nirankari abandoned their center in Rawalpindi, which has since then been part of Pakistan, and established themselves on the Indian side of the partition.
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