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Nisida is a volcanic islet of the Flegrean Islands archipelago, in southern Italy. It lies at a very short distance from Cape Posillipo, just north of Naples; it is now connected to the mainland by a stone bridge. The islet is almost circular, with a flooded crater forming the bay of Porto Paone on the southwest coast. It has a diameter of about and a highest altitude of . The name of the island comes from the Greek for "islet" (small island), νησίς, for which the Latinized accusative was ''nesida''.〔Bischoff and Lapidge, 121〕 ==Overview== In ancient times Lucius Licinius Lucullus built a villa on Nisida, and also Marcus Iunius Brutus had a holiday villa there. Cicero's letters record him visiting Brutus there, and it was there that Brutus's wife Porcia, the daughter of Cato Uticensis, committed suicide. He also may have agreed with Cassius on the assassination of Julius Caesar there.〔Bischoff and Lapidge, 120〕 The claim is made that some of archaeological remains on Nisida are, indeed, those of the villa of Brutus. There may have been a monastery there in the 7th century (see below).〔Bischoff and Lapidge, 121〕 In the 16th century a castle was built, which was subsequently a fief of the Macedonio family. In the 19th century, Nisida was the site of an infamous Bourbon prison that gained notoriety when - after a visit to the prison in 1851 - William Ewart Gladstone wrote his ''Two Letters to the Earl of Aberdeen on the State Prosecutions of the Neapolitan Government'', exposing the harsh conditions. In these letters, Gladstone coined the now famous description of the Kingdom of Two Sicilies as "the negation of God erected into a system of Government." Indignation throughout Europe was partially responsible for the at least partial improvement of the conditions in the prison. During the Second World War, the island was occupied by British Army and used by them as a prison facility. At least one execution of a war criminal (by firing squad) took place there during this time. From 1946 through 1961 the island was home to the Accademia Aeronautica, the Italian Air Force Academy, which has since moved to a hilltop campus on the mainland. Nisida is divided now between a naval headquarters belonging to the Italian Navy〔 ()〕 and a juvenile detention facility. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nisida」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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