|
:''For the historical entity Principality of Nitra, follow the link.'' Nitra (; also known by other alternative names) is a city in western Slovakia, situated at the foot of Zobor Mountain in the valley of the river Nitra. With a population of about 83,572, it is the fourth largest city in Slovakia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The largest cities in Slovakia )〕 Nitra is also one of the oldest cities in Slovakia; it was the political center of the Principality of Nitra. Today, it is a seat of a ''kraj'' (Nitra Region) and an ''okres'' (Nitra District). ==Origin of the name== The first mention of Nitra dates back to the 9th century. The name of the city is derived from the Nitra river. The name is Indo-European, but the question of its pre-Slavic or Slavic origin has not been satisfactorily answered yet. Nitra might be derived from the old Indo-European root ''neit-'', ''nit-'' meaning "to cut" or "to burn" using a derivation element ''-r-'' (see also slash-and-burn agricultural technique). The same root is still present in the Slovak verb ''nietiť'' (to make a fire), but also in other Indo-European languages like Latin ''nitere'' (to burn) or in German ''schneiden'' (to cut). Another view to the origin of the name is related to the Latin ''Novi-iter'' or ''Neui-iter'' meaning "new territory behind the limes". The hypothetical Latin name could be adopted by the Quadi and later by the Slavs. The first written records contain also suffix ''-ava'' (Nitrava). Particularly in older literature, the suffix is interpreted as an Indo-European/old Germanic basis ''ahwa'' (water). However, the suffix ''-ava'' can be found also in numerous toponyms with a clearly Slavic origin and without any relationship to rivers. Although, the existence of hydronym Nitrava remains hypothetical and all versions with the suffix are related to a location, not a river. Thus, the form Nitrava can refer to a larger property or territory around the river Nitra. Both forms were probably used concurrently and were recorded already in the 9th century (Conversio Bagoariorum et Carantanorum: "in loco vocata Nitraua", but in 880 "ecclesie Nitrensis"). The name has different varieties in different languages, including (ラテン語:Nitria); (ドイツ語:Neutra) (); (ハンガリー語:Nyitra) and '. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nitra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|