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Nomenclature is a system of names or terms, or the rules for forming these terms in a particular field of arts or sciences.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= ''Nomenclature - definitions from Dictionary.com'' )〕 The principles of naming vary from the relatively informal conventions of everyday speech to the internationally agreed principles, rules and recommendations that govern the formation and use of the specialist terms used in scientific and other disciplines.〔 http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch2/names.html 〕 Naming "things" is a part of general human communication using words and language: it is an aspect of everyday taxonomy as people distinguish the objects of their experience, together with their similarities and differences, which observers identify, name and classify. The use of names, as the many different kinds of nouns embedded in different languages, connects nomenclature to theoretical linguistics, while the way humans mentally structure the world in relation to word meanings and experience relates to the philosophy of language. Onomastics, the study of proper names and their origins, includes anthroponymy (concerned with human names, including personal names, surnames and nicknames); toponymy (the study of place names) and etymology (the derivation, history and use of names) as revealed through comparative and descriptive linguistics. The scientific need for simple, stable and internationally accepted systems for naming objects of the natural world has generated many formal nomenclatural systems. Probably the best known of these nomenclatural systems are the five codes of biological nomenclature that govern the Latinized scientific names of organisms. ==Etymology== The word nomenclature is derived from the Latin ''nomen'' - name, ''calare'' - to call; the Ancient Greek ονοματοκλήτωρ from όνομα or ''onoma'' meaning name, and equivalent to the Old English ''nama'' and Old High German ''namo'' which is derived from Sanskrit ''nama''. The Latin term ''nomenclatura'' refers to a list of names, as does the word ''nomenclator'' which can also indicate a provider or announcer of names. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nomenclature」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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