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Nomophobia is the fear of being out of mobile phone contact.〔Charlie D'Agata (Nomophobia: Fear of being without your cell phone ). CBS News. April 3, 2008.〕 It is, however, arguable that the word "phobia" is misused and that in the majority of cases it is only a normal anxiety.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.socialtechpop.com/2012/02/nomophobia-the-fear-of-being-without-a-gnome-er-phone/ )〕 Although nomophobia does not appear in the current DSM-V, it has been proposed as a "specific phobia", based on definitions given in the DSM-IV.〔 According to Bianchi and Philips (2005) psychological factors are involved in the overuse of a mobile phone. These could include low self-esteem, when individuals looking for reassurance use the mobile phone in inappropriate ways, and extroverted personality, when naturally social individuals use the mobile phone to excess. It is also highly possible that nomophobic symptoms may be caused by other underlying and preexisting mental disorders, with likely candidates including social phobia or social anxiety disorder, social anxiety,〔 and panic disorder. The term, an abbreviation for "no-mobile-phone phobia", was coined during a 2010 study by the UK Post Office who commissioned YouGov, a UK-based research organization to look at anxieties suffered by mobile phone users. The study found that nearly 53% of mobile phone users in Britain tend to be anxious when they "lose their mobile phone, run out of battery or credit, or have no network coverage". The study found that about 58% of men and 47% of women suffer from the phobia, and an additional 9% feel stressed when their mobile phones are off. The study sampled 2,163 people. Fifty-five percent of those surveyed cited keeping in touch with friends or family as the main reason that they got anxious when they could not use their mobile phones.〔 The study compared stress levels induced by the average case of nomophobia to be on-par with those of "wedding day jitters" and trips to the dentist. Another study found that out of 547 male, undergraduate students in Health Services 23% of the students were classified as nomophobic while an additional 64% were at risk of developing nomophobia. Of these students, ~77% checked their mobile phones 35 or more times a day.〔Bivin, J. B., P. Mathew, P. C. Thulasi, J. Philip (2013), "Nomophobia - Do We Really Need to Worry About?" ''Reviews of Progress'' 1(1).〕 More than one in two nomophobes never switch off their mobile phones.〔(My Name Is Mo R., And I Am A Nomophobe ), CBSnews.com. February 11, 2009. Retrieved August 2011〕 The study and subsequent coverage of the phobia resulted in two editorial columns authored by those who minimize their mobile phone use or choose not to own one at all, treating the condition with light undertones of or outright disbelief and amusement.〔(Column: Nomophobia: "No more phobia" ). siude.com. March 4, 2008.〕 == Research evidence == With the changes of technologies, new challenges are coming up on a daily basis. New kinds of phobias have emerged, the so called techno-phobias. Since the first mobile phone in the market in 1983, it has become one of the mainstreams in the majority of societies. Shambare, Rugimbana & Zhowa (2012) claimed that cell phones are "possibly the biggest non-drug addiction of the 21st century," and that colleges students may spend up to nine hours every day on their phones that can lead to dependence on such technologies as a driver of modern life and an example of "a paradox of technology." that is both freeing and enslaving. A survey conducted by SecurEnvoy showed that youngsters and adolescents are more likely to suffer from nomophobia. The same survey reported that 77% of the teens had anxiety and worries in the case of being without their mobile phones, followed by the 25-34 age group and people over 55 years old. Some psychological predictors to look for in a person who might be suffering of this phobia are: "self negative views, younger age, low esteem and self-efficacy, high extroversion or introversion, impulsiveness and sense of urgency and sensation seeking.〔 Among students, frequent cell phone usage has been correlated with decreases in GPA grade point average and increased anxiety that negatively impacts self-reported life satisfaction (well-being and happiness) in comparison to students with less frequent usage. GPA decreases may be due to the over-use of cell phone or computer usage consuming time and focus during studying, attending class, working on assignments, and the distraction of cell phones during class. Over-usage of cell phones may increase anxiety due to the pressure to be continually connected to social networks and could rob chances of perceived solitude, relieving daily stress, that has been linked as a component of well-being. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nomophobia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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