|
Gentile or Goy (from Latin ラテン語:''gentilis'', by the French ''gentil'', feminine: ''gentille'', meaning of or belonging to a clan or tribe) is an ethnonym that commonly means non-Jew.〔"Gentile." Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 6 June 2014. The term is used by English translators for the Hebrew () and () () in the Hebrew Bible and the Greek word () in the New Testament. The term "gentiles" is derived from Latin, used for contextual translation, and not an original Hebrew or Greek word from the Bible. The original words ''goy'' and ''ethnos'' refer to "peoples" or "nations" and is applied to both Israelites and non-Israelites in the Bible.〔http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/6585-gentile〕 However, in most biblical uses, it denotes nations that are politically distinct from Israel. Since most of the nations at the time of the Bible were "heathens" , goy or gentile became synonymous with heathen although their literal translation is distinct. The term gentile thus became identical to the later term "Ummot ha-olam" (nations of the world). Latin and later English translators selectively used the term "gentiles" when the context for the base term "peoples" or "nations" referred to non-Israelite peoples or nations in English translations of the Bible. Because of the idolatrous practices of the gentile nations at the time of the Old Testament, the biblical writings show a passionate intolerance of these nations and the Bible suggests seven gentile nations to be dealt with without mercy.〔 ==Etymology== "Gentile" derives from Latin ''gentilis'', which itself derives from the Latin ''gens'' (from which, together with forms of the cognate Greek word ''genos'', also derive gene, general, genus, genesis, gentry, and gentleman) meaning clan or tribe. ''Gens'' derives from the Proto-Indo-European '' *ǵénh₁tis''.〔"Kind"; in: M. Philippa e.a., Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands〕 The original meaning of "clan" or "family" was extended in post-Augustan Latin to acquire the wider meaning of belonging to a distinct nation or ethnicity. Later still, the word came to refer to other nations, 'not a Roman citizen'. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gentile」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|