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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Nonacquiescence ： ウィキペディア英語版 Nonacquiescence In law, nonacquiescence is the intentional failure by one branch of the government to comply with the decision of another. It tends to arise only in governments that feature a strong separation of powers, such as in the United States, and is much rarer in governments where such powers are partly or wholly fused. In the context of lawsuits, executive nonacquiescence in judicial decisions can lead to bizarre Kafkaesque situations where parties discover to their chagrin that their legal victory over the government is an empty one. Nonacquiescence can also possibly lead to a constitutional crisis, given certain critical situations and decisions. In the United States, certain federal agencies are notorious for practicing nonacquiescence (essentially, ignoring court decisions that go against them and refusing to accept their validity as binding precedent).〔Gregory C. Sisk, ''Litigation with the Federal Government'' (Philadelphia: American Law Institute, 2006), 418-425.〕〔Robert J. Hume, ''How Courts Impact Federal Administrative Behavior'' (New York: Routledge, 2009), 92-106.〕 The Social Security Administration and the Internal Revenue Service are particularly well known for such conduct.〔The SSA publishes (Acquiescence Rulings ) and the IRS publishes (Actions on Decisions ), in which they state whether they will obey a particular court decision or not.〕 Although executive nonacquiescence has been heavily criticized by the federal courts,〔See, e.g., ''Hutchison v. Chater'', 99 F.3d 286, 287-88 (8th Cir. 1996); ''Johnson v. U.S. Railroad Retirement Board'', 969 F.2d 1082 (D.C. Cir. 1992); ''Allegheny General Hospital v. NLRB'', 608 F.2d 965 (3d Cir. 1979); and ''Lopez v. Heckler'', 713 F.2d 1432 (9th Cir.), rev'd on other grounds sub nomine ''Heckler v. Lopez'', 463 U.S. 1328 (1983).〕 as well as the American Bar Association,〔Rhonda McMillion, "A Little Compliance Can't Hurt," ''ABA Journal'', August 1997, 96.〕 the U.S. Congress has not yet been able to pass a bill formally prohibiting or punishing such behavior. ==Notes== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nonacquiescence」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.