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Norops
''Norops'' is the proposed generic name for 150 lizard species traditionally classified in the genus ''Anolis'' (family, Iguanidae). Guyer and Savage (1986) applied this name to a group that Etheridge (1959) designated the "beta anoles" on the basis of skeletal characters that distinguished them from all other anole species (i.e., "the alpha anoles"). Although ''Norops'' is clearly a distinct, monophyletic group, it renders the "alpha anoles" paraphyletic. Guyer and Savage's proposed remedy for this problem involved the designation of four additional genera within the "alpha anoles". However, three of these genera are not supported as monophyletic by recent phylogenetic studies (Jackman ''et al''. 1998, Poe 2004, Nicholson ''et al''. 2005). As a result, recognition of ''Norops'' as a genus is premature and likely to confound efforts to study and conserve anoles. This position is stated explicitly in recent phylogenetic studies:
"Four of the Guyer and Savage genera have been shown to be paraphyletic (Poe, 1998; Jackman ''et al''., 1999), and recognition of their remaining genus ''Norops'' would necessitate an entirely new ''Anolis'' taxonomy. Thus, their generic-level taxonomy is not followed here." -- Poe 2004, p. 38
"The problem with recognizing ''Norops'' as a genus is that it necessarily renders ''Anolis'' (''sensu lato'') paraphyletic. Thus recognizing ''Norops'' as a genus is inappropriate..." -- Nicholson 2002
In spite of these recommendations, ''Norops'' remains widely accepted by workers in mainland Central and South America. However, it is universally rejected by West Indian workers. These differences may be due to the fact the mainland fauna is dominated by only two deeply divergent clades (''Norops'' and ''Dactyloa'' in Guyer and Savage's terminology), whereas the West Indian radiation is much more taxomically diverse, and relationships less certain. As a result, some members of Savage and Guyer's ''Anolis'' on Cuba are actually more closely related to Cuban species placed in ''Norops'' than they are to other ''Anolis'', thus reinforcing the earlier point that recognition of ''Norops'' is too problematic to warrant its continued recognition.
==Species of genus ''Norops''〔(''Norops'' ), The Reptile Database〕==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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