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Notosuchus
''Notosuchus'' (; 'southern crocodile') is an extinct genus of South American notosuchian crocodylomorph. It was terrestrial, living approximately 85 million years ago in the Coniacian or Santonian stages of the Late Cretaceous.〔Hugo CA, Leanza HA. 2001. Hoja Geológica 3969-IV, General Roca. Provincias de Río Negro y Neuquén. ''Boletín Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino, Instituto de Geología y Recursos Minerales'' 308: 1-65.〕
''Notosuchus'' was relatively small, reaching in length and a weight of .〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Notosuchus - paleofiles.com )〕 Remains have been found in the Bajo de la Carpa Formation in Patagonia, Argentina. First named in 1896, ''Notosuchus'' was the first known notosuchian.〔Woodward AS. 1896. On Two Mesozoic Crocodilians Notosuchus (Genus Novum) and Cynodontosuchus (Genus Novum) from the Red Sandstone of the Territory of Neuquen (Argentine Republic). ''Anales del Museuo de la Plata, Paleontologia Argentina'' 6: 1-20.〕 The type species is ''N. terrestris''. A second species, ''N. lepidus'', was named in 1957.〔Saez MD. 1957. Crocodiloideos Fosiles Argentinos un nuevo Crocodilo del Mesozoico Argentino. ''Ameghinana'' 1-2: 49-50.〕
A paper published in 2008 by Fiorelli and Calvo described new remains of the type species ''N. terrestris''. In it, the authors suggested that the skull would have supported a short trunk, or "hog's snout" as well as fleshy upper and lower lips. The anteriorly directed nares and the absence of a bony nasal septum (which presumably indicates cartilaginous tissue serving its place) provide evidence for a trunk-like snout, while striations on the surface of the nasal bones and the lower jaw most likely acted as attachment points for the nasolabial muscles and the depressor muscle, respectively.〔Fiorelli, L. E. (2005). "Nuevos restos de ''Notosuchus
terrestris'' Woodward, 1896 (Crocodyliformes: Mesoeucrocodylia) del Cretácico Superior (Santoniano) de la Provincia de Neuquén, Patagonia, Argentina". 79p. Tesis (Grado) Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba.〕 Additionally, the authors suggested that a lateral rim on the dentary as well as numerous aligned neurovascular foramina are evidence of soft cheek-like muscular tissue. The function of the trunk was likely used for searching for food by sniffing the ground in a manner similar to extant suids and peccaries, while the cheeks would aid in mastication by preventing food loss.〔
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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