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| event1label = | event1 = | event2label = | event2 = | event3label = | event3 = | close = | owner = | operator = Adelaide Metro - Light-City Buses | character = | depot = | stock = | linelength_km = 12 | tracklength_km= | notrack = | gauge = | minradius = | el = | speed_km/h = 80 | elevation_m = | website = | map = | map_state = collapsed |coordinates = }} The O-Bahn Busway is a guided busway that is part of the bus rapid transit system servicing the northeastern suburbs of Adelaide, South Australia. The O-Bahn system was conceived by Daimler-Benz to enable buses to avoid traffic congestion by sharing tram tunnels in the German city of Essen.〔 Adelaide's O-Bahn was introduced in 1986 to service the city's rapidly expanding north-eastern suburbs, replacing an earlier plan for a tramway extension. The O-Bahn busway provides specially built track, combining elements of both bus and rail systems. Adelaide's track is long and includes three interchanges: Klemzig, Paradise and Tea Tree Plaza Interchange in Modbury. Interchanges allow buses to enter and exit the busway and to continue on suburban routes, avoiding the need for passengers to transfer to another bus to continue their journey. Buses travel at a maximum speed of , and the busway is capable of carrying 18,000 passengers an hour from Adelaide city centre to Tea Tree Plaza in 15 minutes. , the busway carries approximately 31,000 people per weekday.〔 An extension at the city end is proposed to reduce the number of congested intersections buses must traverse to enter the Adelaide city centre, due to open in 2017. The development of the O-Bahn busway led to the development of the Torrens Linear Park from a run-down urban drain into an attractive public open space. It has also triggered urban development around the north-eastern terminus at Modbury ==Track== The O-Bahn track is made of concrete; it is elevated above ground because of the poor quality of alluvial soils along the River Torrens, which frequently move due to their high level of plasticity.〔 Concrete pylons were cast into the ground to ensure stability, to a depth of up to four metres. On top of the pylons are concrete sleepers on which the track runs. 5,600 pylons were drilled in place to support 5,600 sleepers and 4,200 prefabricated L-shaped track pieces, sited at 12-metre (40-ft) intervals. The width of both tracks, sitting on the sleepers, is .〔Northeast Busway Project (Brochure). South Australian Department of Transport (1983).〕〔Busway Information, Paper Two: O-Bahn Guided Bus Concept. South Australian Department of Transport (1983).〕 The O-Bahn's concrete tracks were narrower and lighter than those of the initially proposed light rail development, and put less stress on the land. The concrete components were precast and then laid onto piers.〔 At the city end, the O-Bahn begins at Hackney Road, opposite the East Parklands, where it enters a 60-metre tunnel at a speed limited to , due to the tight initial corner, ensuring that the rear tyres (especially trailer tyres of articulated buses) do not 'scrub' against the track. Speed is gradually increased to for most of the trip to Klemzig Interchange. Once en route to Paradise Interchange, the speed limit was up to , but has been limited to since late 2012. On some sections was achieved in tests. The average service speed including stops is about . On entering interchanges the O-Bahn ends and the speed limit is . In the interchange area, the speed limit is .〔〔 The O-Bahn is officially considered a road, due to a court ruling in the early years of the system's operation. This ruling permits the South Australia Police to install speed cameras and fine speeding drivers.〔 Cars entering the O-Bahn are deterred by a large number of signs at entrance points and a "sump buster" device that rips out a car's sump (oil pan) if it gets onto the track. An average of four cars per year enter the O-Bahn and must be removed by crane.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「O-Bahn Busway」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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