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The Offshore and Onshore Reliability Data (OREDA) project was established in 1981 in cooperation with the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (now Petroleum Safety Authority Norway). It is "()ne of the main reliability data sources for the oil and gas industry" and considered "a unique data source on failure rates, failure mode distribution and repair times for equipment used in the offshore industr(). OREDA's original objective was the collection of petroleum industry safety equipment reliability data. The current organization, as a cooperating group of several petroleum and natural gas companies, was established in 1983, and at the same time the scope of OREDA was extended to cover reliability data from a wide range of equipment used in oil and gas exploration and production (E&P). OREDA primarily covers offshore, subsea and topside equipment, but does also include some onshore E&P, and some downstream equipment as well.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.oreda.com/history/ )〕 The main objective of the OREDA project is to contribute to an improved safety and cost-effectiveness in design and operation of oil and gas E&P facilities, through collection and analysis of maintenance and operational data, establishment of a high quality reliability database, and exchange of reliability, availability, maintenance and safety (RAMS) technology among the participating companies.〔 ==History== Work on the OREDA project proceeds in phases spanning 2–3 years. Handbooks summarizing the data collected and other work completed are issued regularly.〔 * Phase I (1983–1985) The primary activity during this phase was the collection and compilation of offshore drilling installations, and the publication of these data in the first ''OREDA Handbook''. This demonstrated the ability of the eight petroleum industry companies involved in the project to cooperate on safety issues. While data in this initial phase included a wide range of equipment types, the level of detail was not as complete as in later phases of the project.〔 Data collected in this phase are published in the ''OREDA Handbook'' (1984 edition); Phase I data are not, however, included in the OREDA database. * Phase II (1987–1990) To improve data quality, the project's scope was altered to include collection of production-critical equipment data only. Data began to be stored in a Windows OS database. The development of a tailor-made data collection and analysis program, the OREDA software, was begun.〔 Data collected in this phase are published in the ''OREDA Handbook'' (1992 edition), which also contains re-published data collected in phase I. * Phase III (1990–1992) The number of equipment categories included was increased, and more data on maintenance programs were collected. Data quality was improved following established "Guidelines for Data Collection" and via improved quality control. The user interface of the OREDA software was improved, and programming changes allowed it to be used as a broader-purpose tool for data collection.〔 Data collected in this phase are published in the ''OREDA Handbook'' (1997 edition). * Phase IV (1993–1996) New software for data collection and analysis was developed, plus specific software and procedures for automatic data import and conversion. Data collected were mainly for the same equipment classes as in phase III, and the data collection was — to a greater extent than previously — carried out by the companies themselves. Data on planned maintenance were also included.〔 Data collected in this phase are published in the ''OREDA Handbook'' (2002 edition). * Phase V (1997–2000) New classes of equipment were added to the project, coinciding with a greater emphasis on the collection of subsea data. Development of a new ISO standard, "Petroleum and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment" was begun; ISO standard 14224 was issued in July 1999.〔 Data collected in this phase are published in the ''OREDA Handbook'' (2002 edition). * Phase VI (2000–2001) Data collection on subsea equipment and new equipment classes were prioritised. A forum for co-operation between major subsea equipment manufacturers was formed.〔 Data collected in this phase are published in the ''OREDA Handbook'' (2009 edition). * Phase VII (2002–2003) Priority continued to be given to subsea equipment data collection. A revision of ISO 14224 was begun, with contribution from members of the OREDA project.〔 Data collected in this phase are published in the ''OREDA Handbook'' (2009 edition). * Phase VIII (2004–2005) Phase VIII mainly continued the goals and activities of phase VII. OREDA members participated in the revision of ISO 14224, issued in December 2006.〔 Data collected in this phase are published in the ''OREDA Handbook'' (2015 edition). * Phase IX (2006–2008) OREDA software and taxonomy were made consistent with ISO 14224. There was a continued focus on including worldwide safety data. In observance of OREDA's 25-year anniversary, a seminar was conducted.〔 Data collected in this phase are published in the ''OREDA Handbook'' (2015 edition). * Phase X (2009–2011) The 5th ''OREDA Handbook'' (2009 edition) was released; new safety analysis software was developed; initial steps to SIL (safety integrity level) data based on OREDA were taken; and GDF Suez and Petrobras became associated members.〔 * Phase XI (2012–2014) New data collection software was developed; the 6th ''OREDA Handbook'' (2015 edition) was planned; a quality assurance review of the database was conducted; a new logo was designed, as were new looks for both the ''Handbook'' and the website.〔 * Phase XII (2015–) The OREDA project is in its 12th phase as of 2015. During this phase, the 6th ''OREDA Handbook'' (2015 edition) was published. A new webshop for the project has been established in collaboration with the European Safety Reliability & Data Association (ESReDA).〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=OREDA — Products )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「OREDA」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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