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Obafemi Awolowo
Chief Obafemi Jeremiah Oyeniyi Awolowo, GCFR ((ヨルバ語:Ọbáfẹ́mi Awólọ́wọ̀); 6 March 1909 – 9 May 1987), was a Nigerian nationalist and statesman who played a key role in Nigeria's independence movement, the First and Second Republics and the Civil War. He is most notable as the outstanding first premier of the Western Region but was also a successful federal commissioner for finance and vice president of the Federal Executive Council in the Civil War and was thrice a major contender for his country's highest office.〔James Booth. ''Writers and politics in Nigeria''. Africana Pub. Co., 1981, p. 52.〕 A native of Ikenne in Ogun State of south-western Nigeria, he started his career, like some of his well-known contemporaries, as a nationalist in the Nigerian Youth Movement in which he rose to become Western Provincial Secretary. Awolowo was responsible for much of the progressive social legislation that has made Nigeria a modern nation.〔(Historical dictionary of the British empire, Volume 1 )〕 He was the first Leader of Government Business and Minister of Local Government and Finance, and first Premier of the Western Region under Nigeria's parliamentary system, from 1952 to 1959. He was the official Leader of the Opposition in the federal parliament to the Balewa government from 1959 to 1963. In recognition of all these, Awolowo was the first individual in the modern era to be named ''Leader of the Yorubas'' (Yoruba: ''Asiwaju Awon Yoruba'' or ''Asiwaju Omo Oodua'').
==Early life==
Obafemi Awolowo was born on 6 March 1909 in Ikenne, in present-day Ogun State of Nigeria.〔''Nigerian Political Parties: Power in an Emergent African Nation'', R. L. Sklar (2004), Africa World Press, ISBN 1-59221-209-3〕 His father was a farmer and sawyer who died when Obafemi was about seven years old. He attended various schools, and then became a teacher in Abeokuta, after which he qualified as a shorthand typist. Subsequently, he served as a clerk at the famous Wesley college, as well as a correspondent for the ''Nigerian Times''.〔"then British owned"〕 It was after this that he embarked on various business ventures to help raise funds to travel to the UK for further studies.
Following his education at Wesley College, Ibadan (a teachers' college), in 1927, he enrolled at the University of London as an External Student and graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Commerce (Hons.). He went to the UK in 1944 to study law at the University of London and was called to the Bar by the Honourable Society of the Inner Temple on 19 November 1946.〔 In 1949 Awolowo founded the ''Nigerian Tribune'', the oldest surviving private Nigerian newspaper, which he used to spread nationalist consciousness among his fellow Nigerians.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About Us )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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