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Occidentalism
The term Occidentalism refers to and identifies representations of The Western world (the Occident) in two ways: (i) as dehumanizing stereotypes of the Western world, Europe, and the Anglosphere, usually from the Muslim world; and (ii) as ideological representations of the West, as applied in ''Occidentalism: A Theory of Counter-Discourse in Post-Mao China'' (1995), by Chen Xiaomei; ''Occidentalism: Images of the West'' (1995), by James G. Carrier; and ''Occidentalism: The West in the Eyes of its Enemies'' (2004), Ian Buruma and Avishai Margalit. Occidentalism is counterpart to the term Orientalism, by Edward Said, that refers to and identifies Western stereotypes of the Eastern world, the Orient.
==Occidental representions==
In China "Traditions Regarding Western Countries" became a regular part of the Twenty-Four Histories from the 5th century CE., when commentary about The West concentrated upon on an area that did not extended farther than Syria.〔(Bonnett, 2004)〕 The extension of European imperialism in the 18th and 19th centuries established, represented, and defined the existence of an “Eastern world” and of a “Western world”. Western stereotypes appear in works of Indian, Chinese and Japanese art of those times. At the same time, Western influence in politics, culture, economics and science came to be constructed through an imaginative geography of West and East. In the late 19th century many Western cultural themes and images began appearing in Asian art and culture, especially in Japan. English words and phrases are prominent in Japanese advertising and popular culture, and Japanese comics and cartoons are written around characters, settings, themes, and mythological figures derived from Western cultural traditions.
In “De-Judaizing the Homeland: Academic Politics in Rewriting the History of Palestine” (2007), S. Ilan Troen said that the Zionist movement was rooted in a conscious rejection of Europe and the West, in general, and in favor of a modernized Hebrew culture, in particular. That “Zionists explicitly distanced themselves, in crucial ways, from the European exile they left behind”, an example is the “revival of Hebrew into a living language; the marking of the landscape with a Jewish identity; and the development of an indigenous culture with roots in the ancient past.”
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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