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Odissi, also known as Orissi ((オリヤー語:ଓଡିଶୀ) ''Oḍiśī''), is one of the eight classical dance forms of India.〔http://ccrtindia.gov.in/classicaldances.php Centre for Cultural Resources and Training (CCRT)〕〔http://sangeetnatak.gov.in/sna/guide-snaawards.htm Guidelines for Sangeet Natak Akademi Ratna and Akademi Puraskar〕〔http://ccrtindia.gov.in/performingart.php Centre for Cultural Resources and Training (CCRT)- Performing Arts〕〔http://knowindia.gov.in/knowindia/culture_heritage.php?id=101 India Ministry of Culture〕 It originates from the state of Odisha, in eastern India. It is the oldest surviving dance form of India on the basis of archaeological evidences. The classic treatise of Indian dance, Natya Shastra, refers to it as ''Odra-Magadhi''. 1st century BCE bas-reliefs in the hills of Udaygiri (near Bhubaneswar) testify to its antiquity. It was suppressed under the British Rule, but has been reconstructed since India gained independence. It is particularly distinguished from other classical Indian dance forms by the importance it places upon the ''Tribhangi'' (literally: three parts break), the independent movement of head, chest and pelvis〔(Article by David Courtney retrieved July 2008 )〕 and upon the basic square stance known as ''Chauka'' or ''Chouka'' that symbolises Lord Jagannath. This dance is characterised by various Bhangas (Stance), which involves stamping of the foot and striking various postures as seen in Indian sculptures. The common Bhangas are ''Bhanga'', ''Abanga'', ''Atibhanga'' and ''Tribhanga''. Though a very old dance form, Odissi got recognition as a classical dance from the Central government officially, after efforts by many scholars and performers in the 1950s, including a powerful lec-dem in April 1958 by Kavichandra Kalicharan Pattanayak, an Oriya poet, dramatist and researcher. Pattanayak is also credited with naming the dance form as "Odissi".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.academia.edu/2577115/The_Naming_of_Odissi_Changing_Conceptions_of_Music_in_Odisha )〕 ==Origin and history== The first clear picture of Odissi dance is found in the Manchapuri cave in Udayagiri which was carved during the time of emperor Kharavela. Flanked by two queens, emperor Kharavela was watching a dance recital where a damsel was performing a dance in front of the court along with the company of female instrumentalists. Thus, Odissi can be traced back to its origin as secular dance. Later it got attached with the temple culture of Odisha. Starting with the rituals of Jagannath temple in Puri it was regularly performed in Shaivite, Vaishnavite and Sakta temples in Odisha. An inscription is found where it was engraved that a Devadasi Karpursri’s attachment to Buddhist monastery, where she was performing along with her mother and grandmother. It proves that Odissi originated as a court dance. Later, it was performed in all religious places of Jainism as well as Buddhist monasteries. Odissi was initially performed in the temples as a religious offering by the Maharis who dedicated their lives in the services of God. It has the closest resemblance with sculptures of the Indian temples.〔(Odissi )〕 The history of Odissi dance has been traced to an early sculptures found in the Ranigumpha caves at Udaygiri (Odisha), dating to the 2nd century BCE. Odissi appears to be the oldest classical dance rooted in rituals and tradition. In fact, the Natya Shastra refers to ''Odra-Magadhi'' as one of the Vrittis and Odra refers to Odisha.〔() 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Odissi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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