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Oktoberfest ((:ɔkˈtoːbɐˌfɛst)) is the world's largest Volksfest (beer festival and travelling funfair). Held annually in Munich, Bavaria, Germany, it is a 16-day folk festival running from mid or late September to the first weekend in October, with more than 6 million people from around the world attending the event every year. Locally, it is often simply called the ''Wiesn'', after the colloquial name of the fairgrounds (''Theresienwiese'') themselves. The Oktoberfest is an important part of Bavarian culture, having been held since 1810. Other cities across the world also hold Oktoberfest celebrations, modeled after the original Munich event. The Munich Oktoberfest originally took place during the 16 days up to, and including, the first Sunday in October. In 1994, the schedule was modified in response to German reunification so that if the first Sunday in October falls on the 1st or 2nd, then the festival would go on until October 3 (German Unity Day). Thus, the festival is now open 17 days when the first Sunday is October 2 and 18 days when it is October 1. In 2010, the festival lasted until the first Monday in October (October 4), to mark the 200th anniversary of the event. The festival is held in an area named the ''Theresienwiese'' (field, or meadow, of Therese), often called the ''Wiesn'' for short, located near Munich's centre. Large quantities of Oktoberfest Beer are consumed, with 7.7 million litres served during the 16 day festival in 2013.〔(Oktoberfest Beer Consumption )〕 Visitors may also enjoy a mixture of attractions, such as amusement rides, sidestalls and games, as well as a wide variety of traditional food such as ''Hendl'' (roast chicken), ''Schweinebraten'' (roast pork), ''Schweinshaxe'' (grilled ham hock), ''Steckerlfisch'' (grilled fish on a stick), ''Würstl'' (sausages) along with ''Brezen'' (pretzels), ''Knödel'' (potato or bread dumplings), ''Käsespätzle'' (cheese noodles), ''Reiberdatschi'' (potato pancakes), ''Sauerkraut'' or ''Rotkohl/Blaukraut'' (red cabbage) along with such Bavarian delicacies as ''Obatzda'' (a spicy cheese-butter spread) and ''Weißwurst'' (a white sausage). ==History== ''Kronprinz'' (Crown Prince) Ludwig, later to become King Ludwig I, was married to Princess Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen on October 12, 1810. The citizens of Munich were invited to attend the festivities held on the fields in front of the city gates to celebrate the happy Royal event. The fields were named ''Theresienwiese'' ("Theresa's meadow") in honour of the Crown Princess, and have kept that name ever since, although the locals have since abbreviated the name simply to the "''Wiesn''".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.germanbeerinstitute.com/Oktoberfestbier.html )〕 To end the celebrations from the royal wedding on October 17, horse races, presumably thought to have been a repetition of the ''Scharlachrennen'' (Scarlet Race), which took place in the 15th century in front of the Karlstor and was part of the Jakobidult, were held in honor of the newlyweds. The idea was proposed by Andreas Micheal Dall’Armi, who was a major in the National Guard. It is reported that the origins of the horse races and Oktoberfest itself were proposals from a coachman, and sergeant in the National Guard, Franz Baumgartner. However, these origins of the festival are controversial. The decision to repeat the horse races in the subsequent year gave rise to the tradition of the Oktoberfest. The fairground outside the city was chosen due to its natural suitability. The Sendlinger hill (today ''Theresienhohe'') was used as a grandstand for 40,000 race spectators. The festival grounds remained undeveloped except for the king’s tent. The tastings of "Traiteurs" and other wine and beer took place above the visitors in the stands on the hill. Before the race started, a performance was held in homage of the bridegroom and of the royal family in the form of a train of 16 pairs of children dressed in Wittelsbach costumes, and costumes from the then nine Bavarian townships and other regions. This was followed by the punishing race with 30 horses on a 11,200-foot (3,400 meters) long racetrack, and concluded with the singing of a student choir. The first horse to cross the finish line belonged to the purported initiator Franz Baumgartner, who was presented with his gold medal by the racing champion and Minister of State, Maximilian Graf von Montgelas. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Oktoberfest」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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