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''Onychoprion'', the "brown-backed terns", is a genus of seabirds in the tern family. Although the genus was first described in 1832 by Johann Georg Wagler the four species in the genus were until 2005 retained in the larger genus ''Sterna'', the genus that most terns are in.〔Bridge, E. S.; Jones, A. W. & Baker, A. J. (2005). A phylogenetic framework for the terns (Sternini) inferred from mtDNA sequences: implications for taxonomy and plumage evolution. ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 35: 459–469.〕 Three of the four species are tropical, and one has a sub-polar breeding range. The sooty tern has a pan-tropical distribution; the bridled tern also breeds across the Tropical Atlantic and Indian Ocean but in the central Pacific it is replaced by the spectacled tern. The Aleutian tern breeds around Alaska and Siberia but winters in the tropics around South East Asia. *Genus ''Onychoprion'' – "brown-backed" terns. * * Spectacled tern, ''Onychoprion lunatus'' * * Bridled tern, ''Onychoprion anaethetus'' * * Sooty tern, ''Onychoprion fuscatus'' * * Aleutian tern, ''Onychoprion aleuticus'' ''Manutara'' is the Rapa Nui language name for spectacled and sooty terns. Both arrive at Easter Island and hatch their eggs on the island called Motu Nui, an event that was used for an annual rite called Tangata manu. ==References== (PDF fulltext ) *Collinson, M. (2006). (Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and Western Palaearctic lists ). ''British Birds'' 99(6): 306-323. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Onychoprion」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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