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OpenSafety
openSAFETY is a communications protocol used to transmit information that is crucial for the safe operation of machinery in manufacturing lines, process plants, or similar industrial environments. Such information may be e.g. an alert signal triggered when someone or something has breached a light curtain on a factory floor. While traditional safety solutions rely on dedicated communication lines connecting machinery and control systems via special relays, openSAFETY does not need any extra cables reserved for safety-related information. It is a bus-based protocol that allows for passing on safety data over existing Industrial Ethernet connections between end devices and higher-level automation systems – connections principally established and used for regular monitoring and control purposes. Unlike other bus-based safety protocols that are suitable for use only with a single or a few specific Industrial Ethernet implementations and are incompatible with other systems, openSAFETY works with a wide range of different Industrial Ethernet variants.
== Certifications, Approvals and Key Functionality ==
openSAFETY is certified according to IEC 61508〔IEC 61508 covers the ''Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems''.〕 and meets the requirements of SIL 3 applications. The protocol has been approved by national IEC committees representing over two dozen countries around the world, and has been released for international standardization in IEC 61784-3 FSCP 13.〔IEC 61784-3 covers ''Industrial communication networks - Profiles - Part 3: Functional safety fieldbuses''.〕〔Hoske, Mark T. ("IEC approves openSAFETY, bus-independent protocol." ) ''Control Engineering'' website. 11 August 2010.〕
openSAFETY supports functional features to enable fast data transfer such as direct communication between nodes on a network (''cross-traffic'') as well as a range of measures needed to ensure data integrity and accuracy, e.g. time stamps, unique data packet identifiers, and others.〔Lydon, Bill. ("Multivendor Ethernet Safety Protocol - Noble Goal." ) ''Automation'' website. April 2011. The article discusses major features of the technology. Lydon finds that the "concept could be simply an interesting idea but the openSAFETY group has published a number of testimonials from users," and goes on to cite appraisals from senior management officials at a number of different companies including Alstom Power Automation & Controls and Nestlé Corporate Engineering.〕 One particularly notable characteristic is openSAFETY's encapsulation of safety data within an Ethernet frame:〔See Chapter ''3. Media Access Control (MAC) frame and packet specifications'' in the (IEEE 802.3-2008 standard, Section One ) for details on standard Ethernet frame formats and the principle of data encapsulation.〕 two subframes, each being an identical duplicate of the other, are combined to form the full safety frame. Each of the subframes is secured by its own checksum, which in effect provides multiple safeguards and levels of redundancy to ensure any distortions of safety data or other types of faults cannot go unnoticed.〔Detailed, up-to-date information on the protocol’s features and functions complementing and expanding on this brief characterization can be found on the official openSAFETY website (see ''External Links'' section).〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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