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Opernhauskrawalle
Züri brännt or Opernhauskrawalle, literally meaning "Zürich is burning", is the Swiss German term and generally used for the youth protests end of May 1980 in Swiss city of Zürich, a municipality in the Canton of Zürich, and 'rebirth' of the Hippie movement in Switzerland in the 1980s.
== Background ==
A three-day celebration of the Zürich ''Opernhaus'' and the opening of a festival was celebrated on 30 May 1980. Unbidden at the door, about 200 protesters demand an autonomous youth center. The communal Stadtpolizei Zürich and state Kantonspolizei Zürich police corps were informed before and stationed in the foyer of the opera house. As the young people occupy the stairs, the demonstration degenerates into a street battle between the demonstrators and the policemen, equipped even with water cannons, tear gas and rubber bullets. A public votation also caused the riots, as the city of Zurich planned to grant CHF 61 million to the opera house of ''the rich Zürich people'' for a renovation and an extension of the building, but nothing to the planned ''Rote Fabrik'' in Zürich-Wollishofen, on the other side of the Zürichsee lake shore. And, on the other hand, the demands of the young people to have their own cultural center are studiously ignored for years. Their reaction was now "long pent-up anger" as a newspaper headlined. "Züri brännt" is a household word, and is originally a punk song of the band TNT. Andreas Homoki, director of the opera house, resumed the situation in the "hot summer of 1980" as explosive, and in fact "''there was not enough room for a youth culture''", and that the then astronomical subvention on the one hand and on the other hand, the lack of commitment for the youth by the then conservatice government of Zürich.
The further, for that time extremely high subventions, but lacking of alternative governmental cultural programs for the youth in Zürich, occurred in 1980 to the so-called ''Opernhauskrawall'', meaning riots or youth protests at the Zürich Opera House (German: ''Opernhaus''). The youth protests culminated on 30/31 May 1980, at the present Sechseläutenplatz square in Zürich, but also in the whole city, spreading to others municipalities in Switzerland in 1980 and again in 1982. The youth protests mark the beginning of the modern youth movement in Switzerland, maybe started a hype of the alternative and former Hippie movement.
A first political compromise was the so-called ''AJZ'' (a shorttime youth centre at the Zürich main station), and the establishment of the so-called Rote Fabrik alternative cultural centre in Wollishofen in late 1980. ''Rote Fabrik'' still exists, and claims to be one of the most important alternative cultural places in the greater Zürich urban area. The most prominent politicians involved were Sigmund Widmer and Emilie Lieberherr, then member of the city's executive (''Stadtrat'') authorities.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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