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Opson ((ギリシア語: ὄψον)) is an important category in Ancient Greek foodways. First and foremost ''opson'' refers to a major division of ancient Greek food: the 'relish' that complements the ''sitos'' (σίτος) the staple part of the meal, i.e. wheat or barley. ''Opson'' is therefore equivalent to Banchan in Korean cuisine and Okazu in Japanese cuisine. Because it was considered the more pleasurable part of any meal, ''opson'' was the subject of some anxiety among ancient Greek moralists, who coined the term opsophagia to describe the vice of those who took too much ''opson'' with their ''sitos''. Although any kind of complement to the staple, even salt, could be categorized as ''opson'', the term was also commonly used to refer to the most esteemed kind of relish: fish. Hence a diminutive of ''opson'', ''opsarion'' (ὀψάριον), provides the modern Greek word for fish: ''psari'' (ψάρι), and the term ''opsophagos'', literally opson''-eater', is almost always used by classical authors to refer to men who are fanatical about seafood, e.g. Philoxenus of Cythera. Finally, ''opson'' can be used to mean a 'prepared dish' (plural ''opsa''). Plato, probably mistakenly, derived the word from the verb ἕψω - 'to boil'. The central focus of Greek personal morality on self-control made ''opsophagia'' a matter of concern for moralists and satirists in the classical period. The complicated semantics of the word ''opson'' and its derivatives made the word a matter of concern for Atticists during the Second Sophistic. ==References== * 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Opson」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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