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The Orchidoideae, or the orchidoid orchids, are a subfamily of the orchid family (Orchidaceae). They typically contain the orchids with a single (monandrous), fertile anther which is erect and basitonic. The subfamily Orchidoideae and the previously recognized subfamily Spiranthoideae are considered the closest allies in the natural group of the monandrous orchids because of * a shared terrestrial habit * sectile (capable of being severed) or granular pollinia *erect anthers. The Orchidoideae contain two subclades with the following tribes : * tribes Orchideae and Diseae * tribes Cranichideae and Diurideae The former subfamily Spiranthoideae is now embedded as tribe Cranichideae in the clade of the Orchidoideae. It is sister to the tribe Diurideae. The tribe Orchideae comprises the following subtribes: * Habenariinae * Orchidinae The tribe Diseae comprises the following subtribes: *Disinae *Satyriinae The monophyletic tribe Cranichideae comprises the following monophyletic subtribes : * Achlydosinae * Pterostylidinae * Chloraeinae * Goodyerinae s.l. (including former Pachyplectroninae) * Galeottiellinae * Manniellinae * Cranichidinae s.l. (including former Prescottiinae) * Spiranthinae The tribe Diurideae comprises the following subtribes : * Acianthinae (monophyletic) * Caladeniinae (polyphyletic) * Cryptostylidinae (monophyletic) * Diuridinae (monophyletic) * Drakaeinae (monophyletic) * Prasophyllinae(monophyletic) * Thelymitrinae (monophyletic) == References == * * Pridgeon, A.M., P.J. Cribb, M.W. Chase and F.N. Rasmussen (). 2003. Genera Orchidacearum vol. 3: Orchidoideae part 2, Vanilloideae. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K. * Salazar, G.A., M.W. Chase, M.A. Soto Arenas and M. Ingrouille. 2003. Phylogenetics of Cranichideae with emphasis on Spiranthinae (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae): evidence from plastid and nuclear DNA sequences. ''American Journal of Botany'' 90: 777-795. * Salazar, G.A., L.I. Cabrera, S. Madriñán and M.W. Chase. 2009. Phylogenetic relationships of Cranichidinae and Prescottiinae (Orchidaceae, Cranichideae) inferred from plastid and nuclear DNA sequences. ''Annals of Botany'' 104: 403-416. () * Chemisquy, M.A., Morrone, O. (2010) Phylogenetic analysis of the subtribe Chloraeinae (Orchidaceae): a preliminary approach based on three chloroplast markers. ''Australian Systematic Botany'' 23: 38-46. ((Abstract )) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Orchidoideae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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