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In heraldry, an ordinary (or honourable ordinary) is a simple geometrical figure, bounded by straight lines and running from side to side or top to bottom of the shield. There are also some geometric charges known as subordinaries, which have been given lesser status by some heraldic writers, though most have been in use as long as the traditional ordinaries. Diminutives of ordinaries and some subordinaries are charges of the same shape, though thinner. Most of the ordinaries are theoretically said to occupy one-third of the shield; but this is rarely observed in practice, except when the ordinary is the only charge (as in the coat of arms of Austria). The terms ''ordinary'' and ''subordinary'' are somewhat controversial, as they have been applied arbitrarily and inconsistently among authors, and the use of these terms has been disparaged by some leading heraldic authorities.〔See "CHAPTER IX: THE SO-CALLED ORDINARIES AND SUB-ORDINARIES" in Fox-Davies (1909) ''A Complete Guide to Heraldry''.〕 In his ''Complete Guide to Heraldry'' (1909), Arthur Charles Fox-Davies asserted that the terms are likely inventions of ''heraldic writers'' and not of ''heralds'',〔Fox-Davies (1909), pp. 106–107.〕 arguing the "utter absurdity of the necessity for any () classification at all," and stating that the ordinaries and sub-ordinaries are, in his mind, "no more than first charges."〔Fox-Davies (1909), p. 107.〕 == Ordinaries == Ordinaries (sometimes called "honourable ordinaries") resemble partitions ''of'' the field, but are formally considered objects ''on'' the field. Though there is some debate as to exactly which geometrical charges—with straight edges and running from edge to edge of the shield—constitute ordinaries, certain ones are agreed on by everyone. Except for the chief they are central to the shield. *Cross: vertical/horizontal cross +, as in the arms of the City of London. *Pale: a vertical stripe right down the middle of the shield. * * A variant is the Canadian pale, invented in 1964 for the new Canadian national flag: it takes up half the width of the field. * Fess: a horizontal stripe, as in the coat of arms of Austria. * * Bar: a narrower fess (said in theory to occupy one-fifth of the field), sometimes reckoned as an ordinary in its own right. It is rarely borne singly. * * In vexillology, a fess significantly wider than one-third of the height of the field is called a Spanish fess, after its use in the flag of Spain. The coat of the City of Burnaby, British Columbia, contains a ''Canadian fess'', which is exactly the same as the Spanish one. *Bend: an oblique band from the dexter chief (the bearer's upper right, viewer's upper left) to the opposite corner, as in the arms of the former grand duchy of Baden. *Chevron: like the beams of a gable; as in the arms of Trans, Switzerland *Saltire or St Andrew's cross: diagonal cross × as in the Scots national banner (often referred to simply as 'the Saltire'). *Chief: horizontal band right across the top of the shield, as in the arms of the district of Lausanne (Vaud, Switzerland). The following are sometimes classed as ordinaries, sometimes as ''subordinaries'' (see below): * Bordure: the boundary of the shield; often used for cadency. *Pile: downward pointing triangle, issuing from the top of the shield . *Pall or Pairle: a Y-shape. * * A variant is the shakefork: a pall cut short of the margins, with pointed ends. It is frequent in Scotland, owing to its prominence in the armory of Clan Cunningham. File:Bordure dalgleish wiki.jpg|a bordure—Argent; an oak tree eradicated, fessways, proper, between three pheons, points upward, azure; within a bordure azure—Dalgleish of Keavil, Scotland File:Pile otley wiki.jpg| a pile—Argent, on a pile azure three towers, two and one, of the first, in the middle chief point two keys in saltire, wards upwards and inwards, or—Otley Urban District Council, England File:Pall dewar wiki.jpg| a pairle or pall—Ermine; a pairle azure charged with the crosier of St Fillan proper—Dewar, Canada * (Scots coat) File:Shakefork HMCS Discovery wiki.jpg|a shakefork—Azure, a shakefork argent supporting in the middle chief a bezant, within an annulet enwreathed, ensigned of a naval crown or, the sails argent, beneath which on a panel argent edged or is the name ‘Discovery’ in letters sable—HM Canadian Ship ''Discovery'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ordinary (heraldry)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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