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Oretani
The Oretani or Oretanii (Greek: ''Orissioi'')〔Rosario Garcia Huelva & Francisco Javier Morales Hervás, ''Los Oretanos'' in ''Prehistoria y Protohistoria de la Meseta Sur (Castilla-La Mancha)'' (2007), p. 217.〕 were a pre-Roman ancient Iberian people of the Iberian Peninsula (the Roman Hispania), that lived in Extremadura, La Mancha, eastern Andalusia and Murcia.
==Location==
Oretania, the country of the Oretani, was located in the eastern Sierra Morena, which included most of Ciudad Real Province except its western end, the northern section of Jaén Province, the western half of Albacete Province and the southern rim of Cuenca Province. The roman geographer Pliny the Elder lists 14 cities, including ''Tuia''/''Tugia'' (Toya?), ''Salaria'' (Úbeda/Baeza?), ''Biatia'', ''Castulum'' (Cazlona, Jaén),〔Strabo, ''Geographikon'' III, 3, 2.〕 ''Luparia'', ''Cervaria'' and ''Salica'',〔Pliny the Elder, ''Naturalis Historia'' III, 19.〕 whilst Diodorus Siculus lists 12 towns.〔Diodorus Siculus, ''Bibliotheca historica'' 25, 42.〕 Other sources refer the towns of ''Libissosa'' (Lezuza?),〔Rosario Garcia Huelva & Francisco Javier Morales Hervás, ''Los Oretanos'' in ''Prehistoria y Protohistoria de la Meseta Sur (Castilla-La Mancha)'' (2007), p. 218.〕 ''Amtorgis'', ''Ilorci'', ''Helicen/Helike'' (Elche de la Sierra, Elche?),〔Appian, ''Iberiké'' 6; 65.〕 ''Baecula/Bekor'' (Bailén, Jaén),〔Polybius, ''Istorion'' 10, 38, 7; 11, 20.〕〔Livy, ''Ab Urbe Condita'' 27: 18; 28: 13.〕 ''Ilucia'', ''Nobila'' and ''Cusibi''.〔Livy, ''Ab Urbe Condita'' 35: 7, 6; 22: 5.〕
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