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Oritavancin
Oritavancin (INN, also known as LY333328, Orbactiv) is a novel semisynthetic glycopeptide antibiotic for the treatment of serious Gram-positive bacterial infections. Its chemical structure as a lipoglycopeptide is similar to vancomycin.〔("Interactions of oritavancin, a new lipoglycopeptide derived from vancomycin, with phospholipid bilayers: Effect on membrane permeability and nanoscale lipid membrane organization" 2009 )〕
In August 2014, the United States FDA approved oritavancin for treatment of skin infections.
== ''In vitro'' activity ==
Oritavancin shares certain properties with other members of the glycopeptide class of antibiotics, which includes vancomycin, the current standard of care for serious Gram-positive infections in the United States and Europe. Oritavancin possesses potent and rapid bactericidal activity ''in vitro'' against a broad spectrum of both resistant and susceptible Gram-positive bacteria, including ''Staphylococcus aureus'', MRSA, enterococci, and streptococci.〔2007 ICAAC Posters: E-1612 “''In Vitro'' Activity Profile of Oritavancin against a Broad Spectrum of Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacterial Pathogens”/E -1613 “''In Vitro'' Activity Profile of Oritavancin (ORI) Against Organisms Demonstrating Key Resistance Profiles to Other Antimicrobial Agents”/E-1614 “''In vitro'' Time Kill Studies of Oritavancin against Drug-resistant Isolates of ''Staphylococcus aureus'' and ''Enterococci''”/E-1615 “Anti-Enterococcal Activity Profile of Oritavancin, a Potent Lipoglycopeptide under Development for Use Against Gram-Positive Infections”/E-1616 “Anti-Streptococcal Activity Profile of Oritavancin, a Potent Lipoglycopeptide under Development for Use Against Gram-Positive Infections”/E-1617 “''In Vitro'' Activity Profile of Oritavancin (ORI) Against Resistant Staphylococcal Populations From a Recent Surveillance Initiative”/E-1620 “Pharmacokinetic Concentrations of Oritavancin Kill Stationary-Phase and Biofilm ''Staphylococcus aureus'' ''In Vitro''.” / (Targanta Press Release September 19, 2007 )〕 Oritavancin was more active than either metronidazole or vancomycin against strains of ''Clostridium difficile'' tested.〔ICAAC 2007 Posters: “''In Vitro'' Susceptibility of Genotypically Distinct ''Clostridium difficile'' Strains to Oritavancin” and “Activity of Metronidazole, Vancomycin and Oritavancin Against Epidemic ''Clostridium difficile'' Spores” / (Targanta Press Release September 19, 2007 )〕
Oritavancin has potential use as a therapy for exposure to ''Bacillus anthracis'', the Gram-positive bacterium that causes anthrax, having demonstrated efficacy in a mouse model both before and after exposure to the bacterium.〔ASM 2007 Poster: “Efficacy of Oritavancin in a Murine Model of ''Bacillus anthracis'' Spore Inhalation Anthrax” / (Targanta Press Release May 24, 2007 )〕
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