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''Orthochilus'' is a genus of orchids that consists of at least 34 species, most of which are native to Africa and Madagascar with a few species in tropical and subtropical America. The genus was first formally described in 1850 by the French botanist Achille Richard, who cited an earlier suggestion by the German botanist Christian Ferdinand Friedrich Hochstetter. Richard recognized a single species, ''Orthochilus abyssinicus'', and noted that the genus shared many features with the closely related genus ''Eulophia'', but differed from it in the form of the pollen masses and caudicule, a stalk to which the pollen masses are attached. The genus ''Orthochilus'' has often been viewed as a synonym of the larger genus ''Eulophia'' by many botanists, but a recent molecular phylogeny published in 2014 revealed that ''Eulophia'', as traditionally circumscribed, was paraphyletic unless ''Orthochilus'' was recognized as a separate genus.〔Martos, F., S.D. Johnson, C.I. Peter, and B. Bytebier. 2014. (A molecular phylogeny reveals paraphyly of the large genus ''Eulophia'' (Orchidaceae): A case for the reinstatement of ''Orthochilus''. ) ''Taxon'' 63(1): 9-23.〕〔Richard, A. 1850. (Tentamen Floræ Abyssinicæ seu Enumeratio Plantarum hucusque in plerisque Abyssiniæ provinciis detectarum et præcipue a beatis doctoribus. ) Volume 2. Paris: Arthus Bertrand. p. 284.〕 As circumscribed by Martos ''et al.'', the genus ''Orthochilus'' includes many species formerly recognized as belonging to the large genus ''Eulophia'' and the smaller genus ''Pteroglossaspis''. The species in ''Orthochilus'' can be readily identified as different from ''Eulophia'' in that their petals and sepals are similar in appearance (shape, size, and color) and the flowers are roughly bell-shaped (campanulate), whereas most ''Eulophia'' have sepals and petals that differ in appearance. Further study of other species currently assigned to ''Eulophia'' may increase the total number of species recognized within the ''Orthochilus'' clade.〔 == Species == *''Orthochilus abyssinicus'' (Rchb.f.) Hochst. ex A.Rich. *''Orthochilus aculeatus'' (L.f.) Bytebier * *''Orthochilus aculeatus'' subsp. ''huttonii'' (Rolfe) Bytebier *''Orthochilus adenoglossus'' (Lindl.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus albobrunneus'' (Kraenzl.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus aurantiacus'' (Rolfe) Bytebier *''Orthochilus carsonii'' (Rolfe) Bytebier *''Orthochilus chloranthus'' (Schltr.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus clandestinus'' (Börge Pett.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus corymbosus'' (G.Will.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus distans'' (Summerh.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus ecristatus'' (Fernald) Bytebier *''Orthochilus ensatus'' (Lindl.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus euanthus'' (Schltr.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus eustachyus'' (Rchb.f.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus foliosus'' (Lindl.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus holubii'' (Rolfe) Bytebier *''Orthochilus leontoglossus'' (Rchb.f.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus litoralis'' (Schltr.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus mechowii'' Rchb.f *''Orthochilus milnei'' (Rchb.f.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus montis-elgonis'' (Summerh.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus nuttii'' (Rolfe) Bytebier *''Orthochilus odontoglossus'' (Rchb.f.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus pottsii'' (P.M.Br. & DeAngelis) Bytebier *''Orthochilus rarus'' (Schltr.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus rutenbergianus'' (Kraenzl.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus ruwenzoriensis'' (Rendle) Bytebier *''Orthochilus subulatus'' (Rendle) Bytebier *''Orthochilus tabularis'' (L.f.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus thomsonii'' (Rolfe) Bytebier *''Orthochilus trilamellatus'' (De Wild.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus vinosus'' (McMurtry & G.McDonald) Bytebier *''Orthochilus walleri'' (Rchb.f.) Bytebier *''Orthochilus welwitschii'' Rchb.f. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Orthochilus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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