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Ostafrikasaurus
''Ostafrikasaurus'' is a genus of spinosaurid theropod dinosaurs known from the Jurassic of Tendaguru, southeastern Tanzania. It contains a single species, ''Ostafrikasaurus crassiserratus''.
==Discovery==
''Ostafrikasaurus'' is only known from the holotype specimen MB R 1084, an isolated tooth.〔 It was originally referred to ''Labrosaurus? stechowi'' by Werner Janensch in 1920.〔W. Janensch, 1920, "Ueber ''Elaphrosaurus bambergi'' und die Megalosaurier aus den Tendaguru-Schichten Deutsch-Ostafrikas", ''Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin'' 1920: 225-235〕 All teeth assigned to ''L.? stechowi'' were collected by German expeditions from 1909 to 1913 from the area around Tendaguru hill in southeastern Tanzania, German East Africa. Janensch (1925) described a total of nine teeth, which he assigned to ''L.? stechowi'' (holotype MB R 1083) and divided them into five types.〔Janensch, W., 1925, "Die Coelurosaurier und Theropoden der Tendaguru-Schichten Deutsch-Ostafrikas", ''Palaeontographica'' Supplement 7: 1–99〕 Later the teeth were reassigned to ?''Ceratosaurus stechowi'', as ''Labrosaurus'' found to be a junior synonym of ''Allosaurus''. Recent studies usually suggest that ''Labrosaurus stechowi'' is a ''nomen dubium'', and that these teeth are indeterminate, perhaps representing different taxa.
MB R 1084, which is the only teeth from the Upper Dinosaur Marl (''Obere Dinosauriermergel'') of the Tendaguru Formation, differs in several respects from the other teeth, from the Middle Dinosaur Marl (''Mittlere Dinosauriermergel''). Although Buffetaut in 2008 suggested that another isolated tooth, MB R 1091 collected from the Middle Dinosaur Marl, may also represent the same genus as MB R 1084,〔E. Buffetaut, 2008, "Spinosaurid teeth from the Late Jurassic of Tendaguru, Tanzania, with remarks on the evolutionary and biogeographical history of the Spinosauridae". In: J.-M. Mazin, J. Pouech, P. Hantzpergue & V. Lacombe (eds.), ''Mid-Mesozoic Life and Environments, Cognac, France''. Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de Lyon 164: 26-28〕 Buffetaut when naming ''Ostafrikasaurus'' in 2012 did not refer it to the genus.〔 The Upper Dinosaur Marl of the Tendaguru Formation dates back to the middle and late Tithonian faunal stage of the Late Jurassic, about 148-145.5 million years ago.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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