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| native_name_lang = ko | settlement_type = Specific city | translit_lang1 = Korean | translit_lang1_type1 = Hangul | translit_lang1_info1 = | translit_lang1_type2 = Hanja | translit_lang1_info2 = | translit_lang1_type3 = | translit_lang1_info3 = Pohang-si | translit_lang1_type4 = | translit_lang1_info4 = P'ohang-si | image_skyline = Korea-Pohang-Goryongpo Beach-01.jpg | imagesize = | image_caption = A view of Guryongpo Beach | image_map = North Gyeongsang-Pohang.svg | mapsize = | map_caption = Location in South Korea | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Yeongnam | population_blank1_title = Dialect | population_blank1 = Gyeongsang | area_total_km2 = 1127.24 | population_as_of = 2011 Jul | population_total = 520,305 | population_density_km2 = 461.6 | parts_type = Administrative divisions | parts = 2 ''gu'', 19 ''dong'', 4 ''eup'', 10 ''myeon'' | image_blank_emblem = Pohang logo.jpg | blank_emblem_type = Emblem of Pohang }} Pohang is a city in North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea, and a main seaport in the Daegu-Gyeongbuk region. The built-up area of Pohang is located on the alluvium of the mouth of the Hyeongsan River. The city is divided into two wards (''gu''), Buk-gu or Northern Ward (북구/) and Nam-gu or Southern Ward (남구/). This city has the largest population of North Gyeongsang Province and it has the 3rd largest land area of any city (''si'') in South Korea.〔First is Andong, and 2nd is Gyeongju.〕 There was an LPG explosion at Pohang on May 11, 2013.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://news.nate.com/view/20130511n07945 )〕 ==History== The earliest evidence of human occupation in the Pohang area is from the Mumun Pottery Period (1500–300 BC). Archaeologists have unearthed small villages and megalithic burials (dolmen) from this period. Still a small fishing village at the dawn of the 20th century, the earliest steps toward developing Pohang into a place of greater significance were taken in 1930 with the construction of a modern harbour. Pohang grew rapidly afterward, attaining the designation of town (''eup'') in 1931 and then earning the status of city (''si'') in 1949.〔(WPS - Port of Pohang contact information ). Worldportsource.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.〕 Pohang's road arteries and shipping port made it a place of strategic significance during the Korean War. An unopposed landing of UN forces at Pohang on July 18, 1950 was the first large-scale amphibious operation since World War II, and the region around Pohang saw fierce clashes between South Korea's 3rd Infantry Division and North Korea's 5th Infantry Division during August–September 1950.〔()〕 By the 1960s, Pohang was a small coastal city with a population of 50,000.〔(KASTN ). Cs.virginia.edu (1996-02-01). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.〕 The next major development in Pohang's growth came in 1968 with the inauguration of the steel maker POSCO, and the local plant's commencement of production in 1972. The introduction of heavy industry to the city brought the local economy to a blend of iron, steel, shipbuilding and fisheries through the end of the 20th century.〔 The early 21st century and the age of globalization has brought new economic challenges to companies such as POSCO, giving rise to beliefs that Pohang would be wise to not be overly reliant on heavy industry to maintain its prosperity.〔http://esri.handong.edu/korean/download.php?id=209&sid=8e8361e216e22553cc306b08f4598736〕 In response, the Pohang of today presents itself as having an eye to the future, striving to become a diversified city of environmentalism and advanced learning, as well as a centre of arts and culture.〔() 〕 During the Silla Dynasty the area was made up of four ''hyeon'', Toehwa-hyeon (퇴화현/), Jidap-hyeon (지답현/), Geunoji-hyeon (근오지현/), Haea-hyeon (해아현/). Then during the Goryeo Dynasty these four were renamed to Heunghae-gun (흥해군/), Janggi-hyeon (장기현/), Yeongil-hyeon (영일현/), Cheongha-hyeon (청하현/) respectively. On 4 August 1896, the three remaining ''hyeon'', which at that time were Janggi, Yeonil (연일/; originally Yeongil) and Cheongha were reassigned as counties or ''gun'' as part of the change to the 13-province division of the Korean Empire. On 1 March 1914, the four counties were unified as one Yeongil-gun (영일군/), which was subdivided into 18 ''myeons''. On 1 April 1931, Pohang-myeon (포항면/) was designated as an ''eup'', thus giving Yeongil-gun 1 eup and 17 myeon. On 1 April 1934, Jukbuk-myeon (죽북면/) and Juknam-myeon (죽남면/) were united to make Jukjang-myeon (죽장면/), while Janggi-myeon (장기면/) and Bongsan-myeon (봉산면/) united to make Jihaeng-myeon (지행면/), so that there were 1 eup and 15 myeon. On 1 October 1938, Hyeongsan-myeon (형산면/) was incorporated into Pohang-eup, leaving Yeongil-gun with 1 eup and 14 myeon. On 1 October 1942 Changju-myeon (창주면/) was renamed and reclassified as Guryongpo-eup (구룡포읍/九龍浦邑), leaving 2 eup and 13 myeon. On 15 August 1949, Pohang-eup was designated as Pohang-''si'' (포항시/), leaving Yeongil with 1 si, 1 eup, 13 myeon and 1 local office. On 8 July 1956, Heunghae-myeon (흥해면/) and Gokgang-myeon (곡강면/) are incorporated into Uichang-myeon (의창면/) leaving 1 si, 1 eup and 12 myeon. On 29 October 1957, Daljeon-myeon (달전면/) is abolished and incorporated into Heunghae-myeon and Yeonil-myeon (연일면/) leaving 1 si, 1 eup and 11 myeons. On 1 March 1967, the Gibuk Local Office (기북출장소/) of Gigye-myeon (기계면/) is established. On 1 July 1973, Uichang-myeon is designated as Uichang-eup (의창읍/) leaving 1 si, 2 eup, 10 myeon and 3 local offices. On 1 December 1980, Yeonil-myeon and Ocheon-myeon (오천면/) are both designated as eup leaving 1 si, 4 eup, 8 myeon and 3 local offices. On 1 September 1982, Haedo-dong (해도동/) and Sangdae-dong (상대동/) are separated into Haedo 1 and 2-dong and Sangdae 1 and 2-dong respectively. On 1 April 1986, Daebo Local Office (대보출장소/) and Gibuk Local Office are designated as myeon leaving 1 si, 4 eup, 10 myeon and 1 local office. On 1 January 1995, a united Pohang-si absorbs all of Yeongil-gun, composed of 1 si, 2 gu, 4 eup, 10 myeon, 25 dong and 1 local office. On 1 September 1998, the unification of Gwaso-dong left Pohang with 1 si, 2 gu, 4 eup, 10 myeon, 19 dong and 1 local office. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pohang」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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