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P2X purinoceptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''P2RX4'' gene.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5025 )〕 The product of this gene belongs to the family of purinoceptors for ATP. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified for this gene although their full-length natures have not been determined.〔 The receptor is found in the central and peripheral nervous systems, in the epithelia of ducted glands and airways, in the smooth muscle of the bladder, gastrointestinal tract, uterus, and arteries, in uterine endometrium, and in fat cells. P2X4 receptors have been implicated in the regulation of cardiac function, ATP-mediated cell death, synaptic strengthening, and activating of the inflammasome in response to injury. ==Receptor Structure and Kinetics== The P2X4 subunits can form homomeric or heteromeric receptors. The P2X4 receptor has a typical P2X receptor structure. The zebrafish P2X4 receptor was the first purinergic receptor to be crystallized and have its three-dimensional structure solved, forming the model for the P2X receptor family. The P2X4 receptor is a ligand-gated cation channel that opens in response to ATP binding. The P2X4 receptor has high calcium permeability, leading to the depolarization of the cell membrane and the activation of various Ca2+-sensitive intracellular processes.〔 Continued binding leads to increased permeability to N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG+) in about 50% of the cells expressing the P2X4 receptor.〔 The desensitization of P2X4 receptors is intermediate when compared to P2X1 and P2X2 receptors.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「P2RX4」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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