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PCK2
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial (PCK2, PEPCK-M), is an isozyme of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK, PEPCK) that in humans is encoded by the ''PCK2'' gene on chromosome 14. This gene encodes a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in the presence of guanosine triphosphate (GTP). A cytosolic form of this protein is encoded by a different gene and is the key enzyme of gluconeogenesis in the liver. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described.(by RefSeq, Apr 2014 )〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5106 )〕
==Structure==
The ''PCK2'' gene encodes the mitochondrial form of PCK and shares a 68% homology in DNA sequence with ''PCK1'' and 70% homology in amino acid sequence with its encoded cytosolic form, PCK1. Moreover, ''PCK2'' shares structural homology with ''PCK1'', indicating that the genes originated from a common ancestor gene.〔 Nonetheless, though both genes possess ten exons and nine introns, the sizes of their introns may differ by ~2 kb, with the largest intron in ''PCK2'' spanning 2.5 kb. Altogether, the total length of the ''PCK2'' gene spans ~10 kb. Another difference is the presence of Alu sequences in its introns that are absent in ''PCK1''.〔 PCK2 also contains an 18-residue mitochondrial targeting sequence at its N-terminal.〔 Potential regulatory elements, including five GC boxes and three CCAAT boxes, lie 1819 bp upstream of the transcription start site. In addition, the proximal promoter region of PCK2 contains two putative ATF/CRE sequences which bind ATF4.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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