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Communist Party of Brazil
The Communist Party of Brazil ((ポルトガル語:Partido Comunista do Brasil, PCdoB)) is a communist party in Brazil. It has national reach and deep penetration in the trade union and students movements. PCdoB shares the disputed title of "oldest political party in Brazil" with the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB). The predecessor of both parties was the Brazilian Section of the Communist International, founded on March 25, 1922. The current PCdoB was launched on February 18, 1962, in the aftermath of the Sino-Soviet split. Outlawed after the 1964 coup d'état, PCdoB supported the armed struggle against the regime before its legalization in 1988. Its most famous action in the period was the Araguaia guerrilla (1966–1974). Since 1989, PCdoB has been allied to the Workers' Party (PT) in the federal level, and, as such, it was a member of the Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva administration, and joined the ''For Brazil to keep on changing'' coalition, which elected his successor, Dilma Rousseff.
PCdoB publishes the newspaper ''Working Class'' (''Classe Operária'') as well as the magazine ''Principles'' (''Princípios''), and is a member of the Foro de São Paulo. Its youth wing is the Union of the Socialist Youth (''União da Juventude Socialista, UJS''), launched in 1984, while its trade union wing is the Central of the Workers of Brazil (''Central dos Trabalhadores e Trabalhadoras do Brasil, CTB''), founded in 2007 as a dissidence from the Unified Workers' Central (''Central Única dos Trabalhadores, CUT'').
==History==
The Communist Party – Brazilian Section of the Communist International (''Partido Comunista – Seção Brasileira da Internacional Comunista, PC-SBIC'') was founded on March 25, 1922, gathering Brazilian Communists under the same label until the international rupture in the movement that occurred after the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (KPSS) in 1956, and the 5th Congress of the PC-SBIC in 1960, when Brazilian Communists found themselves divided into two tendencies. At the 20th Congress of the KPSS, Nikita Khrushchev had delivered the so-called "Secret Speech", which denounced the abuses committed by the Soviet state under Joseph Stalin's rule. Khrushchev was considered a "revisionist" by supporters of the late Stalin, which led to a rupture in the Communist movement in various countries.
In Brazil, the rupture reached the party leadership, which had rebuilt PC-SBIC after the setbacks it suffered under the Estado Novo regime (1930-1945), which tried to pit workers against the party and violently repressed it. The party leadership prior to the rupture, primarily composed of revisionists, was formed in 1943 by João Amazonas, Maurício Grabois, Pedro Pomar, Diógenes Arruda Câmara, and Secretary General Luís Carlos Prestes, among others.
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