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PGRMC1
Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (abbreviated PGRMC1) is a protein which co-purifies with progesterone binding proteins in the liver and ovary. In humans, the PGRMC1 protein is encoded by the ''PGRMC1'' gene. The Sigma-2 receptor was recently identified as potentially being the same as PGRMC1.
The sole biochemical function of PGRMC1 is heme-binding. PGRMC1 shares key structural motifs with cytochrome b5. PGRMC1 binds and activates P450 proteins, which are important in drug, hormone and lipid metabolism. PGRMC1 also binds to PAIR-BP1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor RNA-binding protein-1).〔 However, its expression outside of the reproductive tract and in males suggests multiple functions for the protein. These may include binding to Insig (insulin-induced gene), which regulates cholesterol synthesis.
== Expression ==
PGRMC1 is highly expressed in the liver and kidney in humans〔 with lower expression in the brain, lung, heart, skeletal muscle and pancreas.〔 In rodents, PGRMC1 is found in the liver, lung, kidney and brain.〔〔 PGRMC1 is over-expressed in breast tumors and in cancer cell lines from the colon, thyroid, ovary, lung, and cervix. Microarray analyses have detected PGRMC1 expression in colon, lung and breast tumors.
PGRMC1 expression is induced by the non-genotoxic carcinogen 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the rat liver,〔 but this induction is specific to males. PGRMC1 is expressed in the ovary and corpus luteum, where its expression is induced by progesterone and during pregnancy, respectively. PGRMC1/25-Dx is expressed in various regions of the brain [hypothalamic area, circumventricular organs, ependymal cells of the lateral ventricles, meninges,〔 including regions known to facilitate lordosis.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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