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The Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State ((ポルトガル語:Polícia Militar do Estado do Rio de Janeiro)) (PMERJ) like other military polices in Brazil is a reserve and ancillary force of the Brazilian Army, and part of the System of Public Security and Brazilian Social Protection.〔( Article 144 of Constitution of Brazil. )〕 Its members are called "State Military" person.〔(Article 42 of Constitution of Brazil. )〕 The primary mission of PMERJ is ostensibly preventive policing for the maintenance of public order in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Under the United Nations, in cooperation with the Brazilian Army, the Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State has served in Angola, Mozambique, East-Timor, Sudan, and Haiti. == History == The first militarized police in Portugal (when Brazil was still a colony) was the ''Royal Police Guard of Lisbon'' ((ポルトガル語:Guarda Real de Polícia de Lisboa)), established in 1801,〔Decree of December 10, 1801.〕 which followed the model of the National Gendarmerie ((フランス語:Gendarmerie Nationale)) of France, created in 1791. When the Portuguese Royal Family was transferred to Brazil, the Royal Police Guard of Lisbon remained in Portugal, and another equivalent guard was created in Rio de Janeiro under the name of ''Military Division of the Royal Guard Police of Rio de Janeiro'', in 1809.〔Decree of May 13, 1809.〕 With the abdication of Emperor Pedro I in 1831, the Regency held reformulations on the Brazilian Armed Forces. The Royal Guard Police of Rio de Janeiro became extinct,〔Law of July 17, 1831.〕 and was replaced by the ''Municipal Guard Corps of Volunteers'',〔Law of October 10, 1931.〕 a type of security force similar to the National Guard. The same law allowed each Province to establish its own ''Guard of Volunteers''. In 1834, Pedro I died in Portugal and this reduced the fear in Brazil of a reunification of the kingdoms. The Guard of Volunteers were then transformed into ''Province Police Corps'', with professional troops.〔Constitutional Reform of 1834, Article 15, § 11.〕 The Police Corps were created with the same structure as the Army, and to serve as reserve troops when necessary, under provinces presidents' control. In 1835, the president of Rio de Janeiro province created the "Rio de Janeiro Province Police Corp" (Guarda Policial da Província do Rio de Janeiro). With the Proclamation of the Republic, Brazil adopted a constitution based on the United States, where the states have a large autonomy. The Corps of Police began to be administered by the states and became smaller regional armies, with infantry, cavalry, artillery, and later, even with air forces. This dangerous situation to the national security remained until the rise of Getúlio Vargas dictatorial government in 1930s, when he abolished states autonomy, and the Brazilian army began its control over states military polices and firefighters corps. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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