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Pachycrocuta
''Pachycrocuta'' was a genus of prehistoric hyenas. The largest and most well-researched species is ''Pachycrocuta brevirostris'', colloquially known as the giant hyena as it is estimated to have averaged in weight, almost the size of a lioness or tigress, making it the largest known hyena. ''Pachycrocuta'' first appeared during the late Pliocene about 3 million years ago and went extinct during the middle Pleistocene, 400,000 years ago.
==Fossils==
Fossil remains have been found broadly in Eurasia and southern and eastern Africa. Most material consists of fragmented remains, usually of the skull, but a cache of very comprehensive bone material was unearthed at the famous Zhoukoudian site, which probably represents the remains of animals using these caves as lairs for many millennia. At the western end of their former range, at Venta Micena in southeastern Spain, a huge assemblage of Pleistocene fossils also represents a den.〔((BBC Earth News) Matt Walker, "Prehistoric giant hyena's bone-cracking habit", 4 March 2011 ): accessed 4 March 2011.〕
Other proposed species, ''P. robusta'' and ''P. pyrenaica'', are less well researched; the former may simply be an exceptionally large European paleosubspecies of the brown hyena, ''Hyaena brunnea''. Sometimes included in this genus (as ''Pachycrocuta bellax'') is the extinct giant striped hyaena, ''Hyaena bellax''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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