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Palaemonidae is a family of shrimp in the order Decapoda. Two subfamilies are distinguished: Palaemoninae and Pontoniinae. The Palaemoninae are mainly carnivores that eat small invertebrates and can be found in any aquatic habitat except the deep sea. The most significant palaemonine genus is ''Macrobrachium'', which contains commercial species such as ''Macrobrachium rosenbergii''. The Pontoniinae inhabit coral reefs, where they associate with certain invertebrates such as sponges, cnidarians, mollusks and echinoderms. This group includes cleaner shrimps as well as parasites and commensals. They generally feed on detritus, though some are carnivores and hunt tiny animals. ==Genera== The family contains more than 950 species in 137 genera, divided unevenly between two subfamilies: ;Palaemoninae Rafinesque, 1815 *''Alburnia'' † Bravi & Garassino, 1998 *''Arachnochium'' Wowor & Ng, 2010 *''Bechleja'' † Houša, 1957 *''Beurlenia'' † Martins-Neto & Mezzalira, 1991 *''Brachycarpus'' Spence Bate, 1888 *''Coutierella'' Sollaud, 1914 *''Creaseria'' Holthuis, 1950 *''Cryphiops'' Dana, 1852 *''Exopalaemon'' Holthuis, 1950 *''Leander'' E. Desmarest, 1849 *''Leandrites'' Holthuis, 1950 *''Leptocarpus'' Holthuis, 1950 *''Macrobrachium'' Bate, 1868 *''Micropsalis'' † von Meyer, 1859 *''Nematopalaemon'' Holthuis, 1950 *''Neopalaemon'' Hobbs, 1973 *''Palaemon'' Weber, 1795 *''Palaemonetes'' Heller, 1869 *''Propalaemon'' † Woodward, 1903 *''Pseudocaridinella'' † Martins-Neto & Mezzalira, 1991 *''Pseudopalaemon'' Sollaud, 1911 *''Rhopalaemon'' Ashelby & De Grave, 2010 *''Schmelingia'' † Schweigert, 2002 *''Tenuipedium'' Wowor & Ng, 2010 *''Troglindicus'' Sankolli & Shenoy, 1979 *''Troglocubanus'' Holthuis, 1949 *''Troglomexicanus'' Villalobos, Alvarez & Iliffe, 1999 *''Urocaridella'' Borradaile, 1915 *''Yongjiacaris'' † Garassino, Shen, Schram & Taylor, 2002 ;Pontoniinae Kingsley, 1879 *''Allopontonia'' Bruce, 1972 *''Altopontonia'' Bruce, 1990 *''Amphipontonia'' Bruce, 1991 *''Anapontonia'' Bruce, 1966 *''Anchiopontonia'' Bruce, 1992 *''Anchistus'' Borradaile, 1898 *''Ancylomenes'' Okuno & Bruce, 2010 *''Anisomenaeus'' Bruce, 2010 *''Apopontonia'' Bruce, 1976 *''Araiopontonia'' Fujino & Miyake, 1970 *''Ascidonia'' Fransen, 2002 *''Balssia'' Kemp, 1922 *''Blepharocaris'' Mitsuhashi & Chan, 2007 *''Brucecaris'' Marin & Chan, 2006 *''Bruceonia'' Fransen, 2002 *''Cainonia'' Bruce, 2005 *''Carinopontonia'' Bruce, 1988 *''Chacella'' Bruce, 1986 *''Chernocaris'' Johnson, 1967 *''Climeniperaeus'' Bruce, 1995 *''Colemonia'' Bruce, 2005 *''Conchodytes'' Peters, 1852 *''Coralliocaris'' Stimpson, 1860 *''Coutierea'' Nobili, 1901 *''Crinotonia'' Marin, 2006 *''Ctenopontonia'' Bruce, 1979 *''Cuapetes'' Clark, 1919 *''Dactylonia'' Fransen, 2002 *''Dasella'' Lebour, 1945 *''Dasycaris'' Kemp, 1922 *''Diapontonia'' Bruce, 1986 *''Epipontonia'' Bruce, 1977 *''Eupontonia'' Bruce, 1971 *''Exoclimenella'' Bruce, 1995 *''Exopontonia'' Bruce, 1988 *''Fennera'' Holthuis, 1951 *''Hamiger'' Borradaile, 1916 *''Hamodactyloides'' Fujino, 1973 *''Hamodactylus'' Holthuis, 1952 *''Hamopontonia'' Bruce, 1970 *''Harpiliopsis'' Borradaile, 1917 *''Harpilius'' Dana, 1852 *''Holthuisaeus'' Anker & De Grave, 2010 *''Ischnopontonia'' Bruce, 1966 *''Isopontonia'' Bruce, 1982 *''Izucaris'' Okuno, 1999 *''Jocaste'' Holthuis, 1952 *''Laomenes'' Clark, 1919 *''Leptomenaeus'' Bruce, 2007 *''Lipkebe'' Chace, 1969 *''Lipkemenes'' Bruce & Okuno, 2010 *''Manipontonia'' Bruce, Okuno & Li, 2005 *''Margitonia'' Bruce, 2007 *''Mesopontonia'' Bruce, 1967 *''Metapontonia'' Bruce, 1967 *''Miopontonia'' Bruce, 1985 *''Neoanchistus'' Bruce, 1975 *''Neoclimenes'' Mitsuhashi, Li & Chan, 2010 *''Neopericlimenes'' Heard, Spotte & Bubucis, 1993 *''Neopontonides'' Holthuis, 1951 *''Nippontonia'' Bruce & Bauer, 1997 *''Notopontonia'' Bruce, 1991 *''Odontonia'' Fransen, 2002 *''Onycocaridella'' Bruce, 1981 *''Onycocaridites'' Bruce, 1987 *''Onycocaris'' Nobili, 1904 *''Onycomenes'' Bruce, 2009 *''Orthopontonia'' Bruce, 1982 *''Palaemonella'' Dana, 1852 *''Paraclimenaeus'' Bruce, 1988 *''Paraclimenes'' Bruce, 1995 *''Paranchistus'' Holthuis, 1952 *''Paratypton'' Balss, 1914 *''Patonia'' Mitsuhashi & Chan, 2006 *''Periclimenaeus'' Borradaile, 1915 *''Periclimenella'' Bruce, 1995 *''Periclimenes'' O. G. Costa, 1844 *''Periclimenoides'' Bruce, 1990 *''Philarius'' Holthuis, 1952 *''Phycomenes'' Bruce, 2008 *''Pinnotheronia'' Marin & Paulay, 2010 *''Platycaris'' Holthuis, 1952 *''Platypontonia'' Bruce, 1968 *''Plesiomenaeus'' Bruce, 2009 *''Plesiopontonia'' Bruce, 1985 *''Pliopontonia'' Bruce, 1973 *''Pontonia'' Latreille, 1829 *''Pontonides'' Borradaile, 1917 *''Pontoniopsides'' Bruce, 2005 *''Pontoniopsis'' Borradaile, 1915 *''Poripontonia'' Fransen, 2003 *''Propontonia'' Bruce, 1969 *''Pseudoclimenes'' Bruce, 2008 *''Pseudocoutierea'' Holthuis, 1951 *''Pseudopontonia'' Bruce, 1992 *''Pseudopontonides'' Heard, 1986 *''Pseudoveleronia'' Marin, 2008 *''Rapipontonia'' Marin, 2007 *''Rostronia'' Fransen, 2002 *''Sandimenes'' Li, 2009 *''Sandyella'' Marin, 2009 *''Stegopontonia'' Nobili, 1906 *''Tectopontonia'' Bruce, 1973 *''Thaumastocaris'' Kemp, 1922 *''Tuleariocaris'' Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1965 *''Typton'' O. G. Costa, 1844 *''Typtonoides'' Bruce, 2010 *''Typtonychus'' Bruce, 1996 *''Unguicaris'' Marin & Chan, 2006 *''Urocaris'' Stimpson, 1860 *''Veleronia'' Holthuis, 1951 *''Veleroniopsis'' Gore, 1981 *''Vir'' Holthuis, 1952 *''Waldola'' Holthuis, 1951 *''Yemenicaris'' Bruce, 1997 *''Zenopontonia'' Bruce, 1975 *Mesopotonia monodactylus 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Palaemonidae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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