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The paleolithic diet is a diet based on the foods ancient ancestors might likely have eaten, such as meat, nuts, and berries, and excludes food to which they had not yet become familiar, like dairy. The Paleolithic era was a period lasting around 2.5 million years that ended about 10,000 years ago with the advent of farming. It was characterized by the use of flint, stone, and bone tools, hunting, fishing, and the gathering of plant foods. The diet is based on the premise that Paleolithic humans evolved nutritional needs specific to the foods available at that time, and that the nutritional needs of modern humans remain best adapted to the diet of their Paleolithic ancestors. Proponents argue that this is true because modern human metabolism has been unable to adapt fast enough to handle many of the foods that have become available since the advent of agriculture. Thus, they believe modern humans are maladapted to eating foods such as grain, legumes, and dairy, and in particular the high-calorie processed foods that are a staple of most modern diets. Proponents claim that modern humans' inability to properly metabolize these comparatively new types of food has led to modern-day problems such as obesity, heart disease, and diabetes. They claim that followers of the Paleolithic diet may enjoy a longer, healthier, more active life. Critics of the Paleolithic diet have raised a number of objections, including that: paleolithic humans ''did'' eat grains and legumes; humans are much more nutritionally flexible than Paleolithic diet advocates claim; Paleolithic humans were not genetically adapted to specific local diets; the Paleolithic period was extremely long, and saw a wide variety of natural items that humans used for sustenance; and/or, that very little is even known for certain about exactly what Paleolithic humans ate. ==Health effects== A 2015 systematic review of the possible beneficial effects of paleolithic nutrition on metabolic syndrome concluded that there was insufficient evidence for the diet to recommendable for this purpose. As of 2014 there was no good evidence the paleo diet is effective in treating inflammatory bowel disease. The British Dietetic Association named the paleo diet as among the five worst celebrity-endorsed diets of 2015, saying it risks being "unbalanced, time consuming, () socially isolating" and so "a sure-fire way to develop nutrient deficiencies". David L. Katz and Stephanie Meller have written that the paleolithic diet presents a "scientific case" in part because of its anthropological basis, but that there is comparatively limited evidence supporting its health benefit over other popular contemporary diets. According to evolutionary biologist Marlene Zuk of the University of Minnesota: "Those who follow the () diet may be missing out on vital nutrients, and it is believed that could create long term health problems, in particular for adolescent girls who may be at risk of developing osteoporosis later in life as a result of not getting enough calcium."〔(Scientists argue that the Paleo diet could be doing more harm than good, 'ignores basic biology' )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Paleolithic diet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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