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|ethnic_groups = }} |ethnic_groups_year = 2005〔 |government_type = Unitary presidential constitutional republic under a non-partisan democracy |leader_title1 = President |leader_name1 = Tommy Remengesau |leader_title2 = Vice President |leader_name2 = Antonio Bells |leader_title3 = Senate President |leader_name3 = Elias Camsek Chin |leader_title4 = House Speaker |leader_name4 = Sabino Anastacio |leader_title5 = Chief Justice |leader_name5 = Arthur Ngiraklsong |legislature = ''Olbiil era Kelulau'' |upper_house = Senate |lower_house = House of Delegates |area_rank = 196th |area_magnitude = 1 E8 |area_km2 = 465.55 |area_sq_mi = 179.75 |percent_water = negligible |population_estimate = 17,948 |population_estimate_rank = 224th |population_estimate_year = 2015 |population_census = 20,918|population_census_year =2013 |population_density_km2 = 38.6 |population_density_sq_mi = 99.8 |population_density_rank = |GDP_PPP = |GDP_PPP_rank = |GDP_PPP_year = 2014 |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $16,300〔 |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 119th |sovereignty_type = Independence |sovereignty_note = from the United States |established_event1 = Trusteeship |established_date1 = 18 July 1947 |established_event2 = Constitution |established_date2 = 2 April 1979 |established_event3 = Compact of Free Association |established_date3 = 1 October 1994 |Gini_year = |Gini_change = |Gini = |Gini_ref = |Gini_rank = |HDI_year = 2013 |HDI_change = steady |HDI = 0.775 |HDI_ref = |HDI_rank = 60th |currency = United States dollar |currency_code = USD |country_code = PW |time_zone = |utc_offset = +9 |time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = +9 |drives_on = right |calling_code = +680 |cctld = .pw }} Palau (, historically Belau or Pelew), officially the Republic of Palau (),〔(Constitution of Palau ). (PDF). palauembassy.com. Retrieved 1 June 2013.〕 is an island country located in the western Pacific Ocean. The country's population of around 21,000 is spread across 250 islands, which form the western chain of the Caroline Islands in Micronesia. The most populous of these is Koror. The capital Ngerulmud is located on the nearby island of Babeldaob, in Melekeok State. Palau shares maritime boundaries with Indonesia, the Philippines, and the Federated States of Micronesia. The country was originally settled around 3,000 years ago by migrants from the Philippines and sustained a Negrito population until around 900 years ago. The islands were first visited by Europeans in the 16th century, and were made part of the Spanish East Indies in 1574. Following Spain's defeat in the Spanish–American War in 1898, the islands were sold to Imperial Germany in 1899 under the terms of the German–Spanish Treaty, where they were administered as part of German New Guinea. The Imperial Japanese Navy conquered Palau during World War I, and the islands were later made a part of the Japanese-ruled South Pacific Mandate by the League of Nations. During World War II, skirmishes, including the major Battle of Peleliu, were fought between American and Japanese troops as part of the Mariana and Palau Islands campaign. Along with other Pacific Islands, Palau was made a part of the United States-governed Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands in 1947. Having voted against joining the Federated States of Micronesia in 1979, the islands gained full sovereignty in 1994 under a Compact of Free Association with the United States. Politically, Palau is a presidential republic in free association with the United States, which provides defense, funding, and access to social services. Legislative power is concentrated in the bicameral Palau National Congress. Palau's economy is based mainly on tourism, subsistence agriculture and fishing, with a significant portion of gross national product (GNP) derived from foreign aid. The country uses the United States dollar as its currency. The islands' culture mixes Japanese, Micronesian and Melanesian elements. The majority of citizens are of mixed Micronesian, Melanesian, and Austronesian descent, with significant groups descended from Japanese and Filipino settlers. The country's two official languages are Palauan (member of the wider Sunda–Sulawesi language group) and English, with Japanese, Sonsorolese, and Tobian recognised as regional languages. ==Etymology== The name for the islands in the Palauan language, ''Belau'', likely derives from either the Palauan word for "village", ''beluu'',〔(Culture of Palau ) – Every Culture. Retrieved 25 May 2012.〕 or from ''aibebelau'' ("indirect replies"), relating to a creation myth.〔(The Bais of Belau ) – Underwater Colours. Retrieved 25 May 2012.〕 The name "Palau" entered the English language from the Spanish ''Los Palaos'', via the German ''Palau''. An archaic name for the islands in English was the "Pelew Islands".〔(Palau: Portrait of Paradise ). Underwater Colours. Retrieved 25 May 2012.〕 It should not be confused with ''Pulau'', which is an Indonesian word meaning "island". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Palau」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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