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The ''Digest'', also known as the Pandects (Latin: ''Digesta seu Pandectae'', adapted from Ancient Greek πανδέκτης ''pandektes'', "all-containing"), is a name given to a compendium or digest of Roman law compiled by order of the emperor Justinian I in the 6th century (AD 530-533). It spans 50 volumes, and represented a reduction and codification of all Roman laws up to that time. The Digest was part of the ''Corpus Juris Civilis'', the body of civil law issued under Justinian I. The other two parts were ''Institutes of Justinian'', and the ''Codex Justinianus''. A fourth part, the Novels (or ''Novellae Constitutiones''), was added later. ==History== (詳細はFred H. Blume, ''(C. Summa )'' in "The Annotated Justinian Code".〕 However, it permitted reference to ancient jurists whose writings had been regarded as authoritative.〔Tony Honoré, 'Justinian's Codification' in ''The Oxford Classical Dictionary'' 803-804. (Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth eds. 3rd rev. ed 2003).〕 Under Theodosus II's Law of Citations, the writings of Papinian, Paulus, Ulpian, Modestinus, and Gaius were made the primary juristic authorities who could be cited in court. Others cited by them also could be referred to, but their views had to be "informed by a comparison of manuscripts."〔H.F. Jolowicz & Barry Nicholas, ''Historical Introduction to the Study of Roman Law'' 452 (3rd ed. 1972)〕 The principal surviving manuscript is the Littera Florentina of the late sixth or early seventh century. In the Middle Ages, the Digest was divided into three parts, and most of the manuscripts contain only one of these parts.〔Jolowicz & Nicholas, supra note 2 at 491. For a detailed account of how the Digest and other parts of the Corpus Juris Civilis were transmitted from the end of antiquity to the Renaissance, see Charles M. Radding & Antonio Ciaralli, ''The Corpus Iuris Civilis in the Middle Ages: Manuscripts and Transmissions from the Sixth Century to the Juristic Revival'' (2007)〕 The entire Digest was translated into English in 1985.〔''The Digest of Justinian'' (Theodor Mommsen, Paul Krueger, & Alan Watson eds., 1985).〕 The Digest was discovered in Amalfi in 1135, prompting a revival of learning of Roman law throughout Europe. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Digest (Roman law)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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