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Pandosto
''Pandosto: The Triumph of Time'' is a prose romance written by the English author Robert Greene, first published in 1588.〔(Literary Encyclopedia entry for ''Pandosto'' )〕 A later edition of 1607 was re-titled ''Dorastus and Fawnia''.〔 Popular during the time of William Shakespeare, the work's plot was an inspiration for that of Shakespeare's play ''The Winter's Tale''. Greene, in turn, may have based the work on ''The Clerk's Tale'', one of ''The Canterbury Tales'' of Chaucer.〔Thomas H. McNeal, "''The Clerk's Tale'' as a Possible Source for ''Pandosto''," ''Papers of the Modern Language Association'' Vol. 47 No. 2 (June 1932), pp. 453-60.〕
Greene's story contains darker elements that Shakespeare lightened for his comic purposes. In Greene's tale, Pandosto, King of Bohemia, accuses his wife Bellaria of adultery committed with his childhood friend, the King of Sicilia. His pursuit of this unfounded charge leads him to send his infant daughter out to sea to die and causes the death of his son and his wife. His daughter drifts to Sicilia and is saved and raised by a shepherd. Dorastus, the Prince of Sicilia, falls in love with Fawnia, unaware that she is a Princess, and they run away to marry. They land in Bohemia, where Pandosto unwittingly falls in love with his daughter Fawnia. At the end of the story, after Fawnia's identity is revealed, Pandosto commits suicide out of grief for the troubles he caused his family. Shakespeare reversed the two kingdoms of Sicilia and Bohemia and added side characters like Paulina and Antigonus. Also he introduced Autolycus and the Clown. He also removed the suicide and added a resurrection scene, bringing the queen back to life using either magic or a death trick, depending on perception.
Shakespeare was not the only playwright to adapt ''Pandosto''; the French dramatist Alexandre Hardy produced his own version, titled ''Pandoste'', around 1625. Hardy's play has not survived, though sketches of its scenery by Laurent Mahelot still exist. Mahelot's stage design followed the principle of "multiple setting," or ''décor simultané'', in which a single stage set served for all of a play's scenes.〔F. E. Halliday, ''A Shakespeare Companion 1564–1964'', Baltimore, Penguin, 1964; pp. 328, 352.〕
The minor poet Francis Sabie had paraphrased the work for a poem in two parts, and given the publication right to Robert Jones. The original titles, altered for 1607 edition, were ''The Fishermans Tale: Of the famous Actes, Life, and Loue of Cassander, a Grecian Knight,'' 1595. and ''Flora's Fortune. The second part and finishing of the Fisher-mans Tale''.
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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