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: For the family of Sumerian stringed musical instruments see Pandura The Pandurs were any of several military units beginning with Trenck's Pandurs, Habsburg Monarchy military unit established in 1741, fighting in the War of the Austrian Succession and the Silesian Wars. Others to follow included Vladimirescu's Pandurs, militia established by Tudor Vladimirescu in the Wallachian uprising of 1821, Pandurs (Croatian Military Frontier), frontier guard infantry deployed in the Croatian Military Frontier in late 18th century, Pandurs (Kingdom of Dalmatia), frontier guard infantry deployed in the Kingdom of Dalmatia in the 19th century. Hence the name of the Pandur, an Austrian armoured personnel carrier: : * Pandur I 6x6 : * Pandur II 8x8 As well as French navy ship ''Pandour'' (1780), renamed HMS ''Pandora'' after its capture by the Royal Navy in 1795; and four British ships called HMS ''Pandour''.. ==Etymology== The term ''pandur'' made its way into military use via the Hungarian—being used in Hungarian as a loanword, in turn originating from the Croatian term ''pudar'', though the nasal in place of the "u" suggests a borrowing before Croatian innovated its own reflex for Proto-Slavic /ɔ̃/. "Pudar" is still applied to security guards protecting crops in vineyards and fields, and it was coined from the verb ''puditi'' (also spelled ''pudati'') meaning to chase or scare away. The meaning of the Hungarian loanword was expanded to guards in general, including law enforcement officers. The word was likely ultimately derived from medieval Latin ''banderius'' or ''bannerius'', meaning either a guardian of fields or summoner, or follower of a banner. By the middle of the 18th century, law enforcement in the counties of Croatia included county pandurs or hussars who patrolled roads and pursued criminals. In 1740, the term was applied to frontier guard duty infantry deployed in the Croatian Military Frontier (Banal Frontier), specifically its Karlovac and Varaždin Generalcies. The role of the pandurs as security guards was extended to Dalmatia after the establishment of Austrian rule there in the early 19th century. The term has dropped from official use for law enforcement officials, but it is still used colloquially in Croatia and the Western Balkans in a manner akin to the English word ''cop''.〔 The unit raised and led by Trenck is also referred to more specifically as ''Trenck's Pandurs'', and less frequently in Croatia than elsewhere, as ''Croatian Pandurs''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pandur」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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